Seagrasses are marine flowering plants that create critical coastal ecosystems and are threatened by warming. Clonal expansion is generally the dominant strategy for meadow recovery, while sexual reproduction strongly differs among species (e.g., monoecious and diecious species, some creating seed banks, viviparous seedlings). In 2022, the Western Mediterranean underwent unprecedented warming, and, associated with it, we observed flowering (100 %) across 11 meadows in Mallorca, Balearic Islands. Furthermore, 64 % of the sites also exhibited pseudovivipary, an extremely rare phenomenon in angiosperms whereby plantlets replace sexual reproductive structures, producing clones of the maternal plant. Our results support the notion that flowering and pseudovivipary (genetically confirmed) are triggered by warming, never before being pseudovivipary reported across multiple sites in a marine plant. Considering the negative impacts that warming can have on seagrasses, existence of widespread pseudovivipary is a critical aspect to consider for understanding mechanisms of resilience in seagrasses.

中文翻译：

---

海洋热浪后海草（Posidonia oceanica）大规模开花和前所未有的假胎生延长

海草是海洋开花植物，它们创造了重要的沿海生态系统，并受到变暖的威胁。克隆扩张通常是草甸恢复的主导策略，而有性繁殖在物种之间存在很大差异（例如，雌雄同株和雌雄异体的物种，一些创建种子库、胎生幼苗）。 2022 年，西地中海经历了前所未有的变暖，与此相关的是，我们观察到巴利阿里群岛马略卡岛的 11 个草地开花 (100%)。此外，64%的地点还表现出假胎生，这是被子植物中极为罕见的现象，幼苗取代有性生殖结构，产生母本植物的克隆。我们的结果支持这样的观点，即开花和假胎生（经基因证实）是由变暖引发的，此前从未在海洋植物的多个地点报道过假胎生。考虑到变暖可能对海草产生的负面影响，广泛的假胎生动物的存在是理解海草恢复机制需要考虑的一个关键方面。