Microplastics (MPs) in the aquatic environment pose a serious threat to biota, by being confounded with food. These effects occur in mussels which are filter-feeding organisms. Mussels from the genus Mytilus were used to evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of two MPs, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), after 4 and 28-days. Measured individual endpoints were condition index and feeding rate; and sub-individual parameters, metabolism of phase I (CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4) and II (glutathione S-transferases - GSTs), and antioxidant defense (catalase - CAT). MPs decreased both condition index (CI) and feeding rate (FR). No alterations occurred in metabolic enzymes, suggesting that these MPs are not metabolized by these pathways. Furthermore, lack of alterations in GSTs and CAT activities suggests the absence of conjugation and oxidative stress. Overall, biochemical markers were not responsive, but non-enzymatic responses showed deleterious effects caused by these MPs, which may be of high ecological importance.

中文翻译：

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使用海洋贻贝评估两种不同商业微塑料的潜在生态毒理学影响

水生环境中的微塑料 (MP) 与食物混淆，对生物群构成严重威胁。这些影响发生在滤食性生物贻贝中。使用贻贝属贻贝来评估两种 MP（聚丙烯（PP）和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET））在 4 天和 28 天后的生态毒理学效应。测量的个体终点是状况指数和饲喂率；和子个体参数、I 相代谢（CYP1A1、CYP1A2 和 CYP3A4）和 II 相（谷胱甘肽 S 转移酶 - GST）以及抗氧化防御（过氧化氢酶 - CAT）。 MP 降低了状况指数 (CI) 和饲喂率 (FR)。代谢酶没有发生变化，表明这些 MP 不通过这些途径代谢。此外，GST 和 CAT 活性没有改变表明不存在结合和氧化应激。总体而言，生化标记物没有反应，但非酶反应显示出这些 MP 引起的有害影响，这可能具有很高的生态重要性。