The study conducted physical simulation experiments on sandstone samples from the Junggar Basin to investigate how burial rates influence sandstone diagenesis and reservoir quality. Results show that the mechanical compaction under a negative burial rate (tectonic uplift) almost stops to destroy the sandstone reservoir space, the capacity of fluid seepage is the strongest and the sandstone tends to develop ‘weak compaction–strong dissolution’ diagenetic facies. For positive burial rates, sandstones with a low burial rate tend to develop ‘medium compaction–medium dissolution’ diagenetic facies; sandstones at a medium burial rate easily form ‘strong compaction–weak dissolution’ diagenetic facies, and sandstones at a high burial rate tend to develop ‘weak compaction–weak dissolution’ diagenetic facies. Experimental results indicate that the compaction strength and damage to sandstone reservoirs may not consistently rise with the burial rate. Faster burial rates do not always intensify compaction; the degree of compaction depends on fluid overpressure. If the increase in burial rate does not induce the fluid overpressure in sandstones, the burial rate is higher and the destruction degree of primary pores caused by mechanical compaction is greater; mechanical compaction also simultaneously causes the diagenetic system to be more closed and the dissolution to be weaker. If the increase in burial rate can induce the fluid overpressure in sandstones, the burial rate is higher, the inhibition of mechanical compaction by fluid overpressure is more pronounced. However, fluid overpressure also strengthens the closure of the diagenetic system, hindering the injection of external acidic fluids into the sandstone, which is not conducive to dissolution. Overall, low burial rates with normal pressure favour secondary pore development, high burial rates with overpressure preserve primary pores, while medium burial rates with normal pressure are unfavourable for primary and secondary pores.

中文翻译：

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埋藏率如何控制砂岩的成岩作用？成岩物理模拟实验的见解


该研究对准噶尔盆地砂岩样品进行了物理模拟实验，以研究埋藏率如何影响砂岩成岩作用和储层质量。研究结果表明，负埋藏率（构造抬升）下的机械压实几乎停止，对砂岩储集空间的破坏基本停止，流体渗流能力最强，砂岩易发育“弱压实—强溶蚀”成岩相。对于正埋藏率，低埋藏率砂岩易发育“中压实-中溶蚀”成岩相；中埋藏率砂岩易形成“强压实—弱溶蚀”成岩相，高埋藏率砂岩易发育“弱压实—弱溶蚀”成岩相。实验结果表明，砂岩储层的压实强度和损伤可能并不随着埋藏率的增加而一致增加。更快的埋藏速度并不总是会加剧压实；压实程度取决于流体超压。如果埋藏率的增加不引起砂岩内流体超压，则埋藏率越高，机械压实对原生孔隙的破坏程度越大；机械压实作用同时也使成岩系统更加封闭，溶蚀作用更弱。如果埋藏率的增加能够诱发砂岩中的流体超压，则埋藏率越高，流体超压对机械压实的抑制作用越明显。但流体超压也加强了成岩系统的封闭性，阻碍了外部酸性流体注入砂岩，不利于溶蚀。 总体而言，常压低埋藏率有利于次生孔隙发育，超压高埋藏率有利于原生孔隙的保存，而常压中埋藏率则不利于原生孔和次生孔的发育。