Thermal energy storage technology plays an important role on improving energy usage flexibility for the end users. The spherical stacking latent thermal energy storage devices inherits the advantages of direct thermal energy usage efficiency and simplified practical applications that received widely attentions. However, due to dispersed and multi-layer structural arrangement, the non-ignorable dynamic heat transfer process poses difficulties in the device design and operation control. In this study, an improved analytical model for predicting the transient heat transfer process of spherical stacking devices is developed. After verification, the parameter sensitivity analysis of the device is conducted by using the model. The results show that the dynamic change trend of thermal resistance is distinct for the melting and the solidification process. The developed model can dynamically predict the outlet temperature of heat transfer fluid and the heat transfer efficiency in a good agreement, and the prediction error of outlet temperature during solidification can reach −2.49 %–4.70 %. The correlation between sphere radius and heat transfer rate is negative and reaches a kind of high correlation above 0.8 for solidification process. The inlet temperature and the mass flow rate of heat transfer fluid are the most influential parameters for melting process.

中文翻译：

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球形堆垛潜热储能装置改进动态分析模型及参数敏感性分析

热能存储技术对于提高最终用户能源使用的灵活性发挥着重要作用。球形堆叠式潜热储能装置继承了直接热能利用效率高、实际应用简化等优点而受到广泛关注。然而，由于分散、多层的结构布置，不可忽略的动态传热过程给装置设计和运行控制带来了困难。在这项研究中，开发了一种改进的分析模型，用于预测球形堆叠装置的瞬态传热过程。验证后，利用该模型对装置进行参数敏感性分析。结果表明，熔化和凝固过程热阻动态变化趋势明显。该模型能够动态预测传热流体出口温度和传热效率，吻合较好，凝固过程出口温度预测误差可达-2.49%~4.70%。球体半径与传热速率之间呈负相关，对于凝固过程达到0.8以上的高相关性。入口温度和传热流体的质量流量是对熔化过程影响最大的参数。