Urban residential areas' rational spatial height distribution plays a crucial role in achieving a more balanced wind speed distribution, smoother air exchange, and improved space comfort. This study used Shenzhen as a representative city to analyse the effect of high-rise residential building layouts on vertical ventilation. Nine typical height-layout schemes were determined within an area of 220 × 200 m. Wind tunnel tests were conducted to validate the accuracy of the enhanced computational fluid dynamics simulations. Various parameters were comprehensively evaluated, including wind speed, wind pressure, mean age of air (MAA), and the universal thermal climate index (UTCI). The results show that different height layout schemes affect the distribution rates of wind speed, wind pressure, MAA, UTCI, and the rate of change with height. Compliance with the building row spacing specification enabled the nine schemes to obtain >83% of the windward wind speed and >48% of the leeward reasonable wind speed; the reasonable wind pressure distribution was >32% higher on the leeward side than that on the windward side. MAA statistics show that the air displacement efficiency per unit volume is generally between 120 and 300 s. >90% of the windward space in the UTCI was comfortable, and >60% of the leeward space felt slightly hot. This study shows the impact of high-rise residential layouts on comfort in hot summer and warm winter areas. It clarifies a reasonable height layout that helps realise the green liveability of residential areas.

中文翻译：

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深圳高层住宅空间布局对垂直风况及舒适度的影响

城市居住区合理的空间高度分布对于实现更均衡的风速分布、更顺畅的空气交换、提高空间舒适度起着至关重要的作用。本研究以深圳为代表城市，分析高层住宅建筑布局对垂直通风的影响。在220×200 m的区域内确定了9种典型的高度布局方案。进行风洞测试是为了验证增强计算流体动力学模拟的准确性。综合评估了风速、风压、平均空气年龄（MAA）、通用热气候指数（UTCI）等各种参数。结果表明，不同高度布置方案对风速、风压、MAA、UTCI的分布率以及随高度的变化率都有影响。符合建筑行距规范，使得9个方案均获得了>83%的迎风风速和>48%的背风合理风速；合理的风压分布是背风面比迎风面高32%以上。 MAA统计显示，单位体积排气效率一般在120~300 s之间。 UTCI 中 >90% 的迎风空间舒适，>60% 的背风空间感觉稍热。本研究揭示了夏季炎热和冬季温暖地区高层住宅布局对舒适度的影响。明确了合理的高度布局，有助于实现居住区的绿色宜居。