Additive manufacturing (AM) offers a variety of material manufacturing techniques for a wide range of applications across many industries. Most efforts at process optimization and exposure assessment for AM are centered around the manufacturing process. However, identifying the material allocation and potentially harmful exposures in end-of-life (EoL) management is equally crucial to mitigating environmental releases and occupational health impacts within the AM supply chain. This research tracks the allocation and potential releases of AM EoL materials within the US through a material flow analysis. Of the generated AM EoL materials, 58% are incinerated, 33% are landfilled, and 9% are recycled by weight. The generated data set was then used to examine the theoretical occupational hazards during AM EoL material management practices through generic exposure scenario assessment, highlighting the importance of ventilation and personal protective equipment at all stages of AM material management. This research identifies pollution sources, offering policymakers and stakeholders insights to shape pollution prevention and worker safety strategies within the US AM EoL management pathways.

中文翻译：

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增材制造报废材料管理中的物料流分析和职业暴露评估


增材制造 (AM) 为许多行业的广泛应用提供了多种材料制造技术。增材制造工艺优化和暴露评估的大部分工作都集中在制造工艺上。然而，确定报废 (EoL) 管理中的材料分配和潜在有害暴露对于减轻增材制造供应链内的环境排放和职业健康影响同样重要。本研究通过物质流分析跟踪美国境内 AM EoL 材料的分配和潜在释放。在生成的增材制造报废材料中，按重量计算，58% 被焚烧，33% 被填埋，9% 被回收。然后，使用生成的数据集通过通用暴露场景评估来检查增材制造停产材料管理实践期间的理论职业危害，强调通风和个人防护设备在增材制造材料管理的各个阶段的重要性。这项研究确定了污染源，为政策制定者和利益相关者提供了见解，以在美国 AM EoL 管理路径中制定污染预防和工人安全策略。