Tin-based perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs) without toxic lead ions outperform other types of lead-free PSCs in terms of photovoltaic performance. To avoid the oxidation of Sn²⁺ cations and the formation of vacancy defects, most reports involve the addition of SnF₂ to the perovskite precursor solution, but hybrid tin halide (Sn-PVK) films still suffer from poor crystallinity and stability. In this work, we used an alternative additive of tin trifluoromethanesulfonate (Sn(OTF)₂). Compared to SnF₂, the solubility of Sn(OTF)₂ in the precursor solution is greatly improved, and the crystal nucleation process is delayed, resulting in the enhancement of crystal growth. The coordination ability of the OTF^– anions suppresses the oxidation of Sn²⁺ cations, which promotes the stability of Sn-PVK films. By replacing the conventional additive of SnF₂ with Sn(OTF)₂, the device achieves an increase in power conversion efficiency from 7.96% to 10.3%, while the stability of the devices is improved simultaneously.

中文翻译：

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通过三氟甲磺酸锡改进用于无铅钙钛矿太阳能电池的混合卤化锡薄膜

不含有毒铅离子的锡基钙钛矿太阳能电池（Sn-PSC）在光伏性能方面优于其他类型的无铅PSC。为了避免Sn ²⁺阳离子的氧化和空位缺陷的形成，大多数报道涉及在钙钛矿前驱体溶液中添加SnF ₂，但杂化卤化锡（Sn-PVK）薄膜仍然存在结晶度和稳定性差的问题。在这项工作中，我们使用了三氟甲磺酸锡 (Sn(OTF) ₂ )的替代添加剂。与SnF ₂相比，Sn(OTF) ₂在前驱体溶液中的溶解度大大提高，并且延迟了晶体成核过程，从而促进了晶体生长。 OTF ^{-阴离子的配位能力抑制了Sn 2+}阳离子的氧化，从而促进了Sn-PVK薄膜的稳定性。通过用Sn(OTF) _{2替代传统的SnF 2}添加剂，器件实现了功率转换效率从7.96%提高到10.3%，同时提高了器件的稳定性。