Lettuce, a globally consumed nutritious vegetable, is often linked to concerns regarding pesticide residues. To address this issue, we conducted field trials and utilized dynamiCROP modeling to examine the uptake, distribution, translocation, and dissipation of five pesticides (λ-cyhalothrin, difenoconazole, acetamiprid, dimethomorph, and β-cypermethrin) commonly detected in lettuce. At harvest, pesticides residues were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) at 0.05, 0.39, 0.047, 0.72, and 0.072 mg kg, respectively. Simulation results elucidated distinct behaviors of the pesticides following application to lettuce foliage across various compartments. However, all pesticides exhibited a common dissipation trend, initially stabilizing or increasing before gradually declining. For all five pesticides, the largest contribution of residues on lettuce leaves came from the leaf surface during the early period after application, and from the soil in the long term. Health risk assessments indicated negligible risks associated with consuming lettuce containing these pesticides, both in the short and long term.

中文翻译：

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探索生菜中五种农药的动态行为：通过现场和建模实验对消费者健康的影响


生菜是一种全球消费的营养蔬菜，通常与农药残留问题有关。为了解决这个问题，我们进行了田间试验并利用 dynamiCROP 模型来检查生菜中常见的五种农药（高效氯氟氰菊酯、苯醚甲环唑、啶虫脒、烯酰吗啉和β-氯氰菊酯）的吸收、分布、易位和消散。收获时，农药残留量分别低于最大残留限量 (MRL)，分别为 0.05、0.39、0.047、0.72 和 0.072 毫克/千克。模拟结果阐明了农药在不同区域的生菜叶子上施用后的不同行为。然而，所有农药都表现出共同的消散趋势，先是稳定或增加，然后逐渐下降。对于所有五种农药，生菜叶片上残留的最大贡献来自施用后早期的叶面，以及长期来自土壤。健康风险评估表明，无论是短期还是长期，食用含有这些农药的生菜所带来的风险都可以忽略不计。