Organic-inorganic perovskite materials have gradually progressed from single-junction solar cells to tandem (double) or even multi-junction (triple-junction) solar cells as all-perovskite tandem solar cells (APTSCs) have advantages: (1) the tunable optical bandgap, (2) low-cost because of solution-processing, inexpensive precursors, and thin film process, (3) scalability and lightweight, and (4) an eco-friendly technology related to low CO2 emission. However, APTSCs face severe issues regarding stability caused by Sn2+ oxidation in narrow bandgap perovskites, low performance due to Voc deficit in the wide bandgap range, non-standardisation of charge recombination layers, and a challenging thin-film deposition as each layer must be nearly perfectly homogenous. Here, we discuss the fundamentals of APTSCs and technological progress for each layer of the all-perovskite stacks. Furthermore, the theoretical power conversion efficiency (PCE) limitation of APTSCs is discussed by utilising simulation research.

中文翻译：

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全钙钛矿串联太阳能电池从基础到技术进步

有机-无机钙钛矿材料已从单结太阳能电池逐渐发展到串联（双结）甚至多结（三结）太阳能电池，因为全钙钛矿串联太阳能电池（APTSC）具有以下优点：（1）可调谐光学带隙，(2) 由于溶液加工、廉价前体和薄膜工艺而实现低成本，(3) 可扩展性和轻量化，以及 (4) 与低二氧化碳排放相关的环保技术。然而，APTSC 面临着严重的问题，包括窄带隙钙钛矿中 Sn2+ 氧化引起的稳定性、宽带隙范围内 Voc 不足导致的低性能、电荷复合层的非标准化以及具有挑战性的薄膜沉积，因为每层必须接近完全同质。在这里，我们讨论 APTSC 的基本原理和全钙钛矿堆栈每一层的技术进步。此外，利用仿真研究讨论了 APTSC 的理论功率转换效率 (PCE) 限制。