Soils contaminated with per- and poly- fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) require immediate remediation to protect the surrounding environment and human health. A novel animated clay-polymer composite was developed by applying polyethyleneimine (PEI) solution onto a montmorillonite clay-chitosan polymer composite. The resulting product, PEI-modified montmorillonite chitosan beads (MMTCBs) were characterized as an adsorptive soil amendment for immobilizing PFAS contaminants. The MMTCBs exhibited good efficiency to adsorb the PFAS, showing adsorption capacities of 12.2, 16.7, 18.5, and 20.8 mg g for PFBA, PFBS, PFOA, and PFOS, respectively, which were higher than those obtained by granular activated carbon (GAC) (i.e., an adsorbent used as a reference). Column leaching tests demonstrated that amending soil with 10% MMTCBs resulted in a substantial decrease in the leaching of PFOA, PFOS, PFBA, and PFBS by 90%, 100%, 64%, and 68%, respectively. These reductions were comparable to the values obtained for GAC-modified soil, particularly for long-chain PFAS. Incorporating MMTCBs into the soil not only preserved the structural integrity of the soil matrix but also enhanced its shear strength (kPa). Conversely, adding GAC to the soil resulted in a reduction of the soil's mechanical properties.

中文翻译：

---

胺化粘土聚合物复合材料作为土壤改良剂，用于稳定污染土壤中的短链和长链全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质


被全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 污染的土壤需要立即修复，以保护周围环境和人类健康。通过将聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）溶液应用到蒙脱石粘土-壳聚糖聚合物复合材料上，开发了一种新型活性粘土-聚合物复合材料。由此产生的产品 PEI 改性蒙脱土壳聚糖珠 (MMTCB) 被描述为一种用于固定 PFAS 污染物的吸附性土壤改良剂。 MMTCB 对 PFAS 表现出良好的吸附效率，对 PFBA、PFBS、PFOA 和 PFOS 的吸附容量分别为 12.2、16.7、18.5 和 20.8 mg g，高于颗粒活性炭 (GAC) 的吸附容量（即用作参考的吸附剂）。柱浸出试验表明，用 10% MMTCB 改良土壤可使 PFOA、PFOS、PFBA 和 PFBS 的浸出量分别大幅减少 90%、100%、64% 和 68%。这些减少量与 GAC 改性土壤（尤其是长链 PFAS）获得的值相当。将MMTCB掺入土壤中不仅保留了土壤基质的结构完整性，而且还增强了其剪切强度（kPa）。相反，向土壤中添加 GAC 会导致土壤机械性能降低。