Thermal landfill leachate evaporator systems can reduce the volume of leachate by up to 97%, while releasing water vapor and producing residuals (volume-reduced leachate and sludge) that are managed on-site. On-site thermal evaporators offer landfill operators leachate management autonomy without being subject to increasingly stringent wastewater treatment plant requirements. However, little is known about the partitioning of PFAS within these systems, nor the extent to which PFAS may be emitted into the environment via vapor. In this study, feed leachate, residual evaporated leachate, sludge, and condensed vapor were sampled at two active full-scale thermal landfill leachate evaporators and from a laboratory-scale leachate evaporation experiment. Samples were analyzed for 91 PFAS via ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Similar trends were observed from Evaporator 1, Evaporator 2, and the laboratory-scale evaporator; ∑PFAS were concentrated in the residual evaporated leachate during evaporation by a factor of 5.3 to 20. All condensed vapors sampled (n = 5) contained PFAS, predominantly 5:3 fluorotelomer carboxylic acid (5:3FTCA), (full-scale vapors 729 – 4087 ng/L PFAS; lab-scale vapor 61.0 ng/L PFAS). For Evaporators 1 and 2, an estimated 9 – 24% and 10%, respectively, of the PFAS mass entering the evaporators in leachate was released with vapor during the days of sample collection. ‘

中文翻译：

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研究热垃圾渗滤液蒸发过程中全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的分配行为


热垃圾填埋场渗滤液蒸发器系统可将渗滤液体积减少高达 97%，同时释放水蒸气并产生现场管理的残留物（体积减少的渗滤液和污泥）。现场热蒸发器为垃圾填埋场运营商提供渗滤液管理自主权，而无需遵守日益严格的废水处理厂要求。然而，人们对 PFAS 在这些系统中的分配情况以及 PFAS 通过蒸气排放到环境中的程度知之甚少。在这项研究中，在两个有效的全尺寸热垃圾填埋场渗滤液蒸发器和实验室规模的渗滤液蒸发实验中对进料渗滤液、残留蒸发渗滤液、污泥和冷凝蒸气进行了采样。通过超高压液相色谱-串联质谱 (UHPLC-MS/MS) 分析样品中的 91 种 PFAS。从蒸发器 1、蒸发器 2 和实验室规模蒸发器观察到类似的趋势； ΣPFAS 在蒸发过程中以 5.3 至 20 倍的比例浓缩在残留的蒸发渗滤液中。所有采样的冷凝蒸气 (n = 5) 均含有 PFAS，主要是 5:3 氟调聚物羧酸 (5:3FTCA)，（满量程蒸气 729 – 4087 ng/L PFAS；实验室规模蒸气 61.0 ng/L PFAS)。对于蒸发器 1 和 2，在样品收集期间，渗滤液中进入蒸发器的 PFAS 质量估计分别有 9 – 24% 和 10% 以蒸汽形式释放。 '