Halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) have attracted global attention owing to their adverse effects on ecosystems and humans. The Shandong Peninsula is the largest manufacturing base for HFRs in East Asia, yet its impacts on marine ecosystems are unclear. Seventeen HFRs were analyzed in organisms captured from the Xiaoqing River estuary, Bohai Sea (BS), Yellow Sea and Northern East China Sea to investigate the distribution and bioaccumulation of HFRs on a broad scale. The results showed a downward trend in ΣHFR concentrations from the estuary (37.7 ng/g lw on average) to Laizhou Bay (192 ng/g lw) and to coastal seas (3.13 ng/g lw). The concentrations of ΣHFRs were significantly higher in demersal fish (0.71–198 ng/g lw) and benthic invertebrates (0.81–3340 ng/g lw) than in pelagic fish (0.30–27.6 ng/g lw), reflecting a habitat dependence. The concentrations of higher-brominated homologs were greater in benthic invertebrates, whereas a greater level of lower-brominated PBDE congeners was observed in fish, suggesting different profiles between species. Furthermore, the analogue composition of HFRs in fish was similar to that in the dissolved phase of seawater, whereas the HFR pattern in benthic invertebrates was consistent with the profile in sediment. The concentrations of HFRs in organisms vary widely depending on emissions from anthropogenic activities, whereas bioaccumulation patterns are strongly influenced by species and habitat.

中文翻译：

---

从河口到近海的海洋生物中卤化阻燃剂的物种特异性和栖息地依赖性生物累积


卤化阻燃剂（HFR）因其对生态系统和人类的不利影响而引起了全球的关注。山东半岛是东亚最大的HFR生产基地，但其对海洋生态系统的影响尚不清楚。对从小清河口、渤海 (BS)、黄海和东海北部捕获的生物体中的 17 种 HFR 进行了分析，以调查大范围 HFR 的分布和生物累积情况。结果显示，ΣHFR 浓度从河口（平均 37.7 纳克/克活体重）到莱州湾（192 纳克/克活体重）和沿海海域（3.13 纳克/克活体重）呈下降趋势。底层鱼类 (0.71–198 ng/g lw) 和底栖无脊椎动物 (0.81–3340 ng/g lw) 中的 ΣHFR 浓度显着高于中上层鱼类 (0.30–27.6 ng/g lw)，反映了栖息地依赖性。底栖无脊椎动物中高溴化同系物的浓度较高，而鱼类中低溴化 PBDE 同系物的浓度较高，表明物种之间存在差异。此外，鱼类中的 HFR 类似物组成与海水溶解相中的相似，而底栖无脊椎动物中的 HFR 模式与沉积物中的分布一致。生物体中 HFR 的浓度变化很大，具体取决于人为活动的排放，而生物累积模式则受到物种和栖息地的强烈影响。