Microplastic pollution has emerged as a prominent concern within the global environmental landscape, given its propensity for substantial accumulation in estuaries, thereby posing threats to both biodiversity and human food security. Although there is growing apprehension regarding the toxicity associated with plastic particles, our comprehension of their size-dependent effects (microplastics (>500 nm, MPs), micro/nanoplastics (500 nm, MNPs), and nanoplastics (<500 nm, NPs)) remains somewhat constrained. To comprehensively evaluate the risk of plastic particles with different sizes to organisms inhabiting estuarine habitats, we selected Chiromantes dehaani as our experimental model. This study employed transcriptome analysis and biochemical index determination to elucidate alterations and mechanisms in glycolipid metabolism in C. dehaani exposure to plastic particles (NPs, 80 nm; MNPs, 500 nm; and MPs, 1000 nm). Our findings revealed that NPs, MNPs and MPs all inhibited glucolipid metabolism, especially catabolism. MPs showed higher inhibition in key glucolipid catabolism genes HK, PFK and CPT1α than NPs. Further research found that MPs exhibited notable inhibitory effects on key genes associated with NADH dehydrogenase in the respiratory chain compared to NPs and MNPs. Although NPs, MNPs and MPs all decreased the uptake of extracellular copper and iron ions (key components of respiratory chain enzymes) by decreasing copper transporter 1 (Ctr1) and transferrin (Tf), NPs promoted the intracellular iron ion storage and transport by increasing ferritin and mitoferrin, relieving the inhibitory effects on the respiratory chain. In summary, this investigation elucidated the differences in copper and iron ion transport, respiratory chain functionality, and glycolipid metabolism in C. dehaani induced by NPs, MNPs and MPs, shedding light on the different effects between NPs and MPs.

中文翻译：

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金属离子传输：揭示纳米塑料和微塑料在Chiromantes dehaani糖脂代谢中的差异

鉴于微塑料污染容易在河口大量积累，从而对生物多样性和人类粮食安全构成威胁，微塑料污染已成为全球环境格局中的一个突出问题。尽管人们越来越担心塑料颗粒的毒性，但我们对其尺寸依赖性效应的理解（微塑料（>500 nm，MP）、微/纳米塑料（500 nm，MNP）和纳米塑料（<500 nm，NP） ）仍然受到一定程度的限制。为了全面评估不同尺寸的塑料颗粒对河口生境生物的风险，我们选择Chiromantes dehaani作为实验模型。本研究采用转录组分析和生化指标测定来阐明C. dehaani暴露于塑料颗粒（NP，80 nm；MNP，500 nm；MP，1000 nm）中糖脂代谢的变化和机制。我们的研究结果表明，NP、MNP 和 MP 均抑制糖脂代谢，尤其是分解代谢。 MPs 对关键糖脂分解代谢基因HK、PFK和CPT1α的抑制作用高于 NPs。进一步研究发现，与NPs和MNPs相比，MPs对呼吸链中与NADH脱氢酶相关的关键基因表现出显着的抑制作用。尽管NPs、MNPs和MPs均通过减少铜转运蛋白1（Ctr1）和转铁蛋白（Tf）来减少细胞外铜离子和铁离子（呼吸链酶的关键成分）的摄取，但NPs通过增加铁蛋白来促进细胞内铁离子的储存和运输和线粒体铁蛋白，减轻对呼吸链的抑制作用。总之，本研究阐明了NP、MNP 和 MP 诱导的C. dehaani中铜和铁离子转运、呼吸链功能和糖脂代谢的差异，揭示了 NP 和 MP 之间的不同影响。