BackgroundGlobal climate change is causing an increase in extreme high temperatures (EHTs), which subject insects to unprecedented stress. Behavior plasticity in response to EHTs, particularly oviposition behavior, is important for the persistence and outbreak of insect populations. Investigating the plasticity of oviposition behavior and its underlying mechanisms has theoretical importance to pest management, but knowledge gaps still remain.ResultsHerein, we characterized the reproductive traits of Monochamus alternatus, a dominant insect vector of the destructive pine wilt disease, including oviposition behavioral patterns, fecundity, offspring fitness and sperm viability, under simulated heatwave conditions in the laboratory. The results showed that (i) EHTs induced a novel oviposition behavior, whereby females deposited multiple eggs into a single groove rather than laying one egg per groove under normal condition; (ii) EHTs exerted stage‐ and sex‐specific effects on fecundity, offspring fitness and sperm viability; and (iii) there was a significant correlation between frequency of the novel oviposition strategy and sperm viability.ConclusionWe hypothesized that this beetle pest has the ability to flexibly shift towards a low‐cost oviposition strategy to counteract the fitness costs caused by heat stress. Taken together, these findings provide a theoretical foundation for personalized pest management strategies in the context of climate change. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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热应激引起的产卵行为变化与松褐天牛的精子损伤相关

背景全球气候变化正在导致极端高温（EHT）的增加，这使昆虫遭受前所未有的压力。 EHT 响应的行为可塑性，特别是产卵行为，对于昆虫种群的持续存在和爆发非常重要。研究产卵行为的可塑性及其潜在机制对于害虫管理具有重要的理论意义，但知识差距仍然存在。结果在这里，我们描述了害虫的繁殖特征松墨天牛是一种破坏性松枯病的主要昆虫媒介，在实验室模拟热浪条件下，包括产卵行为模式、繁殖力、后代健康度和精子活力。结果表明：(i) EHT 诱导了一种新的产卵行为，即雌性将多个卵产入一个凹槽中，而不是正常条件下每个凹槽产一个卵； (ii) EHT 对生育力、后代健康和精子活力产生阶段和性别特异性影响； (iii)新型产卵策略的频率与精子活力之间存在显着相关性。结论我们假设这种甲虫害虫能够灵活地转向低成本产卵策略，以抵消热应激引起的健康成本。总而言之，这些发现为气候变化背景下个性化害虫管理策略提供了理论基础。 © 2024 化学工业协会。