The lateral device structure for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has garnered significant attention, primarily due to its elimination of the need for expensive transparent electrodes. However, the performance of lateral devices, which are more sensitive to crystal quality and charge carrier transport bottlenecks, has lagged far behind the predominant vertical PSCs. Herein, by modulating the crystal nucleation and growth processes of thin FA0.75MA0.25PbI3 (FA = formamidinium; and MA = methylammonium) single crystals, crystal quality and carrier transport are improved, resulting in a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.64%, a record for lateral PSCs. Investigation of the device's stability reveals that iodide ion migration is suppressed due to a reduction in the iodide vacancy concentration combined with weak interface iodide ion migration. It is shown that the latter effect is a result of the perpendicular direction of the ion migration and the electric field in the lateral PSCs. Consequently, these lateral single‐crystal PSCs display remarkable operational stability, retaining 100% of their initial PCE after 1200 h of steady‐state output at the maximum power point voltage (Vmpp) under 1 sun illumination. This work highlights the advantages of lateral single‐crystal devices and their potential to address key ion migration issues of PSCs.

中文翻译：

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通过晶体工程和弱离子迁移实现高效且高度稳定的横向钙钛矿单晶太阳能电池

钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的横向器件结构引起了广泛关注，主要是因为它消除了对昂贵透明电极的需求。然而，横向器件的性能对晶体质量和载流子传输瓶颈更为敏感，其性能远远落后于主要的垂直PSC。在此，通过调节薄 FA 的晶体成核和生长过程0.75嘛0.25碘化铅3（FA = 甲脒；MA = 甲基铵）单晶，晶体质量和载流子传输得到改善，功率转换效率（PCE）达到 12.64%，创下横向 PSC 的记录。对器件稳定性的研究表明，由于碘空位浓度降低以及界面碘离子迁移较弱，碘离子迁移受到抑制。结果表明，后一种效应是离子迁移的垂直方向和横向 PSC 中电场的结果。因此，这些横向单晶 PSC 显示出显着的运行稳定性，在 1 太阳光照下以最大功率点电压 (Vmpp) 稳定输出 1200 小时后，仍保持其初始 PCE 的 100%。这项工作突出了横向单晶器件的优势及其解决 PSC 关键离子迁移问题的潜力。