Tin (Sn) -based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) normally show low open circuit voltage due to serious carrier recombination in the devices, which can be attributed to the oxidation and the resultant high p-type doping of the perovskite active layers. Considering the grand challenge to completely prohibit the oxidation of Sn-based perovskites, a feasible way to improve the device performance is to counter-dope the oxidized Sn-based perovskites by replacing Sn²⁺ with trivalent cations in the crystal lattice, which however is rarely reported. Here, the introduction of Sb³⁺, which can effectively counter-dope the oxidized perovskite layer and improve the carrier lifetime, is presented. Meanwhile, Sb³⁺ can passivate deep-level defects and improve carrier mobility of the perovskite layer, which are all favorable for the photovoltaic performance of the devices. Consequently, the target devices yield a relative enhancement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 31.4% as well as excellent shelf-storage stability. This work provides a novel strategy to improve the performance of Sn-based PSCs, which can be developed as a universal way to compensate for the oxidation of Sn-based perovskites in optoelectronic devices.

中文翻译：

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锡基钙钛矿太阳能电池中三价阳离子的反掺杂效应


锡（Sn）基钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）通常由于器件中严重的载流子复合而表现出较低的开路电压，这可归因于钙钛矿活性层的氧化和由此产生的高p型掺杂。考虑到完全阻止Sn基钙钛矿氧化的巨大挑战，提高器件性能的一个可行方法是通过用晶体中的三价阳离子取代Sn ²⁺ 来反掺杂氧化的Sn基钙钛矿。晶格，但鲜有报道。在此，介绍了Sb ³⁺ 的引入，它可以有效地反掺杂氧化钙钛矿层并提高载流子寿命。同时，Sb ³⁺ 可以钝化深能级缺陷，提高钙钛矿层的载流子迁移率，这些都有利于器件的光伏性能。因此，目标器件的功率转换效率 (PCE) 相对提高了 31.4%，并且具有出色的储存稳定性。这项工作提供了一种提高锡基PSC性能的新策略，可以将其开发为补偿光电器件中锡基钙钛矿氧化的通用方法。