In recent years, the field of shape memory materials with active deformation capabilities has experienced rapid development. However, bismaleimide, as a widely used structural material in the aerospace industry, has been neglected in the field of shape memory. This work designed a UV-crosslinked network with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone monomer, and prepared 4D printed smart structures based on shape memory bismaleimide resin through UV-assisted DIW printing. 4D printed semi-interpenetrating network polymer materials were obtained through a two-stage UV-thermal curing process, resulted in an increase in the material's glass transition temperature to a maximum of 187.4 °C. The storage modulus was improved to 5229 MPa. More important, we achieved a lowest shrinkage rate (0.21 %) of 4D printed polymer. The composite sandwich structure with electrical-driven shape memory performance was printed by double-sided printing of bismaleimide resin on conductive carbon fabric. 4D printed composite structure realizes in-situ self-blocking secondary curing, deformation process after curing. This significant progress provides a promising prospect for remote controllable and precise driving in the aerospace field.

中文翻译：

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4D打印形状记忆双马来酰亚胺树脂，通过二级固化具有高储能模量和低收缩率


近年来，具有主动形变能力的形状记忆材料领域得到了快速发展。然而，双马来酰亚胺作为航空航天工业中广泛使用的结构材料，在形状记忆领域却一直被忽视。该工作设计了具有1-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮单体的UV交联网络，并通过UV辅助DIW打印制备了基于形状记忆双马来酰亚胺树脂的4D打印智能结构。 4D 打印半互穿网络聚合物材料是通过两阶段 UV 热固化过程获得的，导致材料的玻璃化转变温度最高提高到 187.4 °C。储能模量提高至 5229 MPa。更重要的是，我们实现了 4D 打印聚合物的最低收缩率 (0.21%)。通过在导电碳织物上双面印刷双马来酰亚胺树脂，印刷出具有电驱动形状记忆性能的复合夹层结构。 4D打印复合材料结构实现原位自封闭二次固化、固化后变形过程。这一重大进展为航天领域远程可控精准驾驶提供了广阔的前景。