Bacteria‐initiated cancer therapy has been demonstrated high therapeutic efficacy against cancer. However, the undesired therapeutic efficacy and induced systematic inflammation storm compromise the therapeutic effect and outcome. Herein, a thermally‐activated living nanomedicine composed of reactive biohybrid (designated as Sa@FeS) is rationally designed and engineered for enhancing hydrogen sulfide (H2S)‐combined chemodynamic oncotherapy by biomineralizing ferrous sulfide nanoparticles (FeS NPs) onto the surface of a Salmonella typhimurium strain (Sa) without reducing bacterial activity. Ascribed to the deep penetration capability of Sa, FeS NPs facilitate photothermally‐enhanced catalytic Fenton reaction of decomposing endogenous H2O2 into cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals deep in tumor tissues upon near infrared irradiation. Meanwhile, Sa bacteria maintain sustained H2S release within tumor for achieving H2S‐induced intracellular acidosis that favors the generation of reactive oxygen species synergistically. Of note, the thermally‐triggered all‐in‐one strategy effectively inhibits bacterial viability, thus reducing the risk of systematic inflammation storm and ensuring biosafety. Therefore, the engineered nano‐bacteria living system exerts the thermally‐enhanced nanocatalytic and gas therapies to effectively eradicate tumors, providing a distinct paradigm for the combination of synthetic biology and nanomedicine in tumor therapy.

中文翻译：

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通过细菌自矿化工程光热和产生 H2S 的活性纳米药物

细菌引发的癌症疗法已被证明对癌症具有很高的治疗效果。然而，不期望的治疗效果和诱发的系统性炎症风暴损害了治疗效果和结果。在此，合理设计和工程化了由反应性生物杂化物（指定为 Sa@FeS）组成的热激活活纳米药物，用于增强硫化氢（H2S)-通过生物矿化硫化亚铁纳米颗粒（FeS NP）到肿瘤表面的联合化学动力学肿瘤治疗鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株（Sa）而不降低细菌活性。由于 Sa 的深度渗透能力，FeS NPs 促进分解内源 H 的光热增强催化芬顿反应2氧2在近红外照射下转化为肿瘤组织深处的细胞毒性羟基自由基。同时，Sa细菌维持持续的H2肿瘤内S释放以实现H2S诱导的细胞内酸中毒协同促进活性氧的产生。值得注意的是，热触发一体化策略有效抑制细菌活力，从而降低系统性炎症风暴的风险并确保生物安全。因此，工程纳米细菌生命系统利用热增强纳米催化和气体疗法来有效根除肿瘤，为合成生物学和纳米医学在肿瘤治疗中的结合提供了独特的范例。