Solar-driven interfacial evaporation has received substantial attention in a variety of applications, including water purification, seawater desalination, and energy production. However, creating a straightforward, adaptable, and scalable method for correctly integrating hybrid solar-thermal systems continues to be a challenging task. Herein, we propose an economical, scalable, and environmentally friendly approach for achieving synergistic coupling of interfacial solar energy conversion for evaporation and low-grade thermal energy conversion to electricity by incorporating zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle-modified MXene (ZNM- MXene) into cellulose nanofiber (CNF) films. The vacuum filtering approach produces CNF@ZNM-MXene composite films with enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency, capillary hydrophilicity, and thermal localization. Because of its rapid water transport capability, excellent sunlight absorption, and efficient solar-thermal conversion under 1 kW m irradiance, the CNF@ZNM-MXene solar evaporator's evaporation rate reaches 1.27 kg m h, and the solar-vapor conversion efficiency is as high as 82.15%, outperforming most previously reported solar evaporators. Moreover, when compared to a standalone thermoelectric (TE) module, the output power of the solar thermal conversion system coupled with a CNF@ZNM-MXene composite films and a TE module is boosted by 15.32 times. This work offers a practical and effective method for simultaneously capturing solar energy and desalinating saltwater.

中文翻译：

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新型纤维素基薄膜具有高效光热性能，可用于可持续太阳能蒸发和光热发电

太阳能驱动的界面蒸发在水净化、海水淡化和能源生产等各种应用中受到了广泛关注。然而，创建一种简单、适应性强且可扩展的方法来正确集成混合太阳能热系统仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。在此，我们提出了一种经济、可扩展且环境友好的方法，通过将氧化锌（ZnO）纳米颗粒改性的 MXene（ZNM-MXene）纳入其中，实现蒸发界面太阳能转换和低品位热能转换为电能的协同耦合。纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）薄膜。真空过滤方法生产的 CNF@ZNM-MXene 复合薄膜具有增强的光热转换效率、毛细管亲水性和热定位性。由于其快速的水传输能力、优异的阳光吸收能力以及在1 kW·m辐照度下高效的光热转换，CNF@ZNM-MXene太阳能蒸发器的蒸发率达到1.27 kg·m·h，光热转换效率高达82.15%，优于之前报道的大多数太阳能蒸发器。此外，与独立的热电（TE）模块相比，CNF@ZNM-MXene复合膜和TE模块耦合的太阳能热转换系统的输出功率提高了15.32倍。这项工作为同时捕获太阳能和海水淡化提供了一种实用且有效的方法。