A fully homomorphic encryption system enables computation on encrypted data without the necessity for prior decryption. This facilitates the seamless establishment of a secure quantum channel, bridging the server and client components, and thereby providing the client with secure access to the server’s substantial computational capacity for executing quantum operations. However, traditional homomorphic encryption systems lack scalability, programmability, and stability. In this Letter, we experimentally demonstrate a proof-of-concept implementation of a homomorphic encryption scheme on a compact quantum chip, verifying the feasibility of using photonic chips for quantum homomorphic encryption. Our work not only provides a solution for circuit expansion, addressing the longstanding challenge of scalability while significantly reducing the size of quantum network infrastructure, but also lays the groundwork for the development of highly sophisticated quantum fully homomorphic encryption systems.

中文翻译：

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使用量子光子芯片的实验量子同态加密

完全同态的加密系统可以对加密数据进行计算，而无需事先解密。这有助于无缝建立安全量子通道，桥接服务器和客户端组件，从而为客户端提供对服务器用于执行量子操作的大量计算能力的安全访问。然而，传统的同态加密系统缺乏可扩展性、可编程性和稳定性。在这封信中，我们通过实验演示了在紧凑型量子芯片上实现同态加密方案的概念验证，验证了使用光子芯片进行量子同态加密的可行性。我们的工作不仅提供了电路扩展的解决方案，解决了可扩展性的长期挑战，同时显着减小了量子网络基础设施的规模，而且还为高度复杂的量子全同态加密系统的开发奠定了基础。