Abstract
The balance equation of angular momentum in anisotropic fluids includes a couple stress contribution, also responsible for an antisymmetric contribution to the force stress tensor. We herein derive all balance equations for the simplest anisotropic fluid, i.e., a polar fluid, using the GENERIC formalism of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. In doing so, we find that there is an inconsistency between the internal energy density evolution equation derived using non-equilibrium thermodynamics and the one usually considered in micropolar theory.
Acknowledgments
The author would like to thank Prof. Vlasis G. Mavrantzas for suggesting the modeling of anisotropic fluids using non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
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Research ethics: Not applicable.
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Author contributions: The author has accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
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Competing interests: The author states no competing interests.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Data availability: Not applicable.
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