This study investigated the use of heat-activated persulfate (HAP) as a chemical oxidation technique for removing tinidazole (TNZ) antibiotic from aqueous solutions. The impact of various operating parameters, including TNZ initial concentration (20 μM), persulfate (PS) initial dose (0.2–2 mM), solution pH (3–11), solution temperature (20–60 °C), and reaction time (10–120 min), was examined. The results indicated that sulfate radicals were the primary species responsible for TNZ degradation. Higher temperatures and PS concentrations improved the process, while higher pH values and TNZ initial concentrations slowed it down. Additionally, chloride and bicarbonate ions reduced reaction rates, with chloride ions having a more significant effect. Under optimal conditions (including [TNZ]₀ = 20 μM, pH = 7, [PS]₀ = 1 mM, temperature = 60 °C, and reaction time = 120 min), the removal efficiency achieved was 91.15%, with a mineralization rate of 85.8%. These results suggest that the process is relatively safe. The degradation of TNZ was best described by the pseudo-first-order model compared to other models. Additionally, the process was found to be exothermic and spontaneous, with a negative Gibbs free energy change indicating that it is thermodynamically feasible. The study found HAP to be an effective and cost-efficient technique for removing TNZ antibiotic due to its ease of operation and the absence of the need for additional chemicals or waste handling. Based on these findings, HAP can be considered an advanced oxidation technique for treating antibiotic-contaminated water.

本研究研究了使用热活化过硫酸盐（HAP）作为化学氧化技术从水溶液中去除替硝唑（TNZ）抗生素。各种操作参数的影响，包括 TNZ 初始浓度 (20 μM)、过硫酸盐 (PS) 初始剂量 (0.2–2 mM)、溶液 pH (3–11)、溶液温度 (20–60 °C) 和反应时间（10-120 分钟），进行了检查。结果表明，硫酸根是导致 TNZ 降解的主要物质。较高的温度和 PS 浓度改善了该过程，而较高的 pH 值和 TNZ 初始浓度则减慢了该过程。此外，氯离子和碳酸氢根离子降低了反应速率，其中氯离子的影响更显着。在最佳条件下（[TNZ] ₀  = 20 μM，pH = 7，[PS] ₀  = 1 mM，温度= 60 °C，反应时间= 120 min），去除效率为91.15%，矿化程度较高。率达85.8%。这些结果表明该过程相对安全。与其他模型相比，伪一阶模型可以最好地描述 TNZ 的降解。此外，该过程被发现是放热且自发的，吉布斯自由能变化为负，表明该过程在热力学上是可行的。研究发现，HAP 是一种有效且经济高效的去除 TNZ 抗生素的技术，因为它易于操作且不需要额外的化学品或废物处理。基于这些发现，HAP 可以被认为是一种用于处理抗生素污染水的高级氧化技术。