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A matter of where and when—the appearance of Late Blight of potato in Australia Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Malcolm J. Ryley, Andre Drenth
Late Blight, also called Irish blight and brown rot, devastated potato crops in Ireland and countries in Europe in the 1840s, and led to famines, deaths, and the emigration of tens of thousands of poor farmworkers. The outbreaks were blamed on many factors, but finally it was demonstrated that the causal agent was an oomycete (water mould) Phytophthora infestans. The Queensland Government Entomologist
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The contributions of Rupert Best to the modern concept of the nature of viruses Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Andrew D. W. Geering
Rupert Jethro Best (1903–91), working alone at the Waite Agricultural Research Institute in Adelaide between 1934 and 1937, was among the first to purify tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and to propose that it was a complex macromolecule containing protein and another reactive group that was responsible for infectivity of the virus. However, his research was completely overshadowed by that of Wendell Stanley
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‘From Snowy River, up by Kosciusko’s side’: a virus, a beetle, and a PhD Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 P. L. Guy
A chance discovery early in 1980 led to a body of work on a virus and a rare species that lasted until the end of the decade. The discovery and characterisation of turnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV-Cd) infecting one-fifth of the fragmented population of Cardamine robusta at Mt Kosciuszko, New South Wales, revealed a puzzle that remains unresolved. There is no clear explanation as to why there is a population
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Joseph Bancroft’s discovery of Fusarium Wilt of banana Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Malcolm J. Ryley, Andre Drenth
In the early decades of British settlement at Sydney Cove in 1788, the struggling colonials tried their hand at growing edible bananas but invariably failed. However, they grew extremely well in the Moreton Bay colony (Brisbane) and over time banana growing became an important agricultural industry there, particularly after the introduction of the Cavendish variety. All was progressing well until a
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G. P. Darnell-Smith and the introduction of copper carbonate ‘dry pickling’ of wheat seed Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 G. M. Murray
George Percy Darnell-Smith (1868–1942) was the second plant pathologist appointed to the New South Wales Department of Agriculture. Although he founded the Microbiology Branch (later Plant Pathology Branch) and wrote articles on many plant diseases, his noteworthy contribution was developing the ‘dry pickle’ treatment for common bunt of wheat during the 1910s. Darnell-Smith built on the knowledge gained
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Raymond Leslie Martin 1926–2020 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Lisandra L. Martin
Ray Martin (1926–2020) was a talented and successful academic and leader, who won numerous awards and made discoveries that changed fundamental knowledge of the sub-discipline of physical inorganic chemistry. His journey over more than 90 years is one that demonstrates that he was one of nature’s gentlemen, who enjoyed sports, arts and people. He was passionate about science and discovery, and through
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Wattle gall—the quintessential Australian plant disease Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Malcolm J. Ryley
Acacia (the wattles) is the largest genus of plants in Australia and its species occupy almost every habitat in the country. Hard galls on the branches, phyllodes and flower parts of wattle trees were noticed from the very early days of British colonisation, but their causes were unknown. Some insects were believed to be involved, but they were not the only cause of wattle galls. In 1889, the Italian
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Henry Tryon—the true discoverer of the potato brown rot pathogen, Ralstonia solanacearum Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Malcolm J. Ryley
Within a few years of the establishment of the convict settlement at Sydney Cove, the potato became one of the staple crops of the population due to its relatively high yield and the prior experience of the convicts and free settlers with growing the crop. In 1894, Henry Tryon described a new disease in southern Queensland that caused rapid wilting of plants, a ring of slightly translucent tissue just
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Common leaf spot of lucerne and the dawn of mycology and plant pathology in Australia Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Malcolm J. Ryley
As the number of livestock increased in the years following English colonisation of Australia in 1788, the need for nutritious fodder, including lucerne (Medicago sativa), grew. One of the first diseases found on lucerne was a leaf spot which was collected in 1879 by George Bancroft, a physician and naturalist, in a suburb of Brisbane. The Queensland Government Botanist Frederick Manson Bailey sent
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A prickly business—Edward Shelton, Henry Tryon and the mysterious pineapple disease Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Malcolm J. Ryley, Andre Drenth
The earliest record of pineapple plants being grown around Sydney in the British colony of New South Wales was that of Governor King in 1803. However, the climate of a new northern settlement at Moreton Bay (later Brisbane) soon proved to be far more conducive to growing the fruit. Pineapples prospered for over 50 years around Brisbane until a mysterious disease appeared in the late 1890s. In April
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The discovery of gumming disease of sugarcane in Australia Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Malcolm J. Ryley
Sugarcane is one of Australia’s major agricultural industries, with approximately 95% of the crop being grown in Queensland and the remainder in northern New South Wales. In the last decade of the nineteenth century, cane growers in northern New South Wales started to see a new disease that resulted not only in the death of plants but also in difficulties in the extraction of sugar. Theories about
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Stem rust of wheat in colonial Australia and the development of the plant pathology profession Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Malcolm J. Ryley, Robert F. Park
Grain production in the early years of the British colonisation of Australia was characterised by a lack of expertise of farmers, a paucity of farm animals and equipment and the poor work ethics of convicts. In 1803, just when wheat production was increasing and becoming less risky, stem rust of wheat caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici was discovered by an exiled Irish rebel Joseph
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William (Bill) Francis Budd 1938–2022 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Ian Allison, Jo Jacka, Derek Budd
Professor William (Bill) Budd was a founding figure in Australian glaciology, and the first glaciology program leader of the Australian Antarctic Division (Fig. 1). Bill worked on an enormous range of glaciological and meteorological problems covering numerical modelling of ice sheets and glaciers, including surging glaciers; ice mechanics; ice crystallography; ice core paleoclimatic studies; relationships
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Oswald Bertram Lower (1864–1925): a South Australian pioneer in the discovery of Australia’s biodiversity Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-26 Peter B. McQuillan, Ted Edwards, Jenny Camilleri
An Adelaide-born pharmacist, Oswald B. Lower, is a neglected figure in the pantheon of early Australian amateur entomologists. Specialising in Lepidoptera, he worked mainly around Adelaide and Broken Hill where he discovered hundreds of new species, especially in the semi-arid zone of southern Australia. Lower named almost 1000 valid new species between 1892 and 1923 based upon his own material and
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The discovery of tomato spotted wilt virus Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-05 Andrew D. W. Geering
The discovery of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) was an important finding in Australian science, involving a self-educated field naturalist and a small team of plant pathologists who had to work in relative academic isolation and with inadequate glasshouse facilities. After its discovery in Melbourne in 1915, TSWV rapidly spread throughout Australia and by 1929, it posed an existential threat to the
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John Staer (1850–1933): the patronym behind Eucalyptus staeri, the Albany Blackbutt Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-17 Alexandra Ludewig
Millennia of evolutionary ecology have seen Australia become one of the driest and flattest continents on Earth—and in the process, home to more than 700 species of Eucalyptus. Colonial scientists named them using a binomial system, thereby overwriting local vernaculars that had persisted for tens of thousands of years. This paper traces the man commemorated in the Albany Blackbutt, Eucalyptus staeri
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Roy Woodall 1930–2021 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Phil McFadden
Facing a choice between postgraduate study and the world of work, Roy Woodall took the advice of his research supervisor at the University of California, Berkeley, to return to Australia and find ore deposits. He spent almost all his working life with Western Mining Corporation where, from 1967 to 2001, he was successively Chief Geologist, Exploration Manager, and Director of Exploration. From humble
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George Ernest Rogers 1927–2021 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-22 Racheline (Lynn) Rogers
George Rogers (1927–2021) was elected to Fellowship of the Academy in 1977 for his outstanding contributions to our knowledge of the molecular structure of keratins and the biochemistry of keratinisation. He was a pioneer in the application of electron microscopy to hair and wool ultrastructure and to that of the hair follicle. He discovered citrulline in keratin proteins, and the enzymes, roles, and
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Realignment and change: CSIRO and industry 2000–10 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2023-03-27 Garrett Upstill, Thomas H. Spurling, Terence J. Healy, Gregory W. Simpson
In the first decade of the twenty-first century, CSIRO’s role broadened toward national mission-oriented research, less directly focused on supporting Australian industry. In terms of its legislated mandate, it deliberately placed increased emphasis on ‘contributing to the achievement of national objectives’ and less emphasis on ‘assisting Australian industry’. This change was accompanied by an organisational
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Guy Kendall White 1925–2018 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-12-13 Stephen J. Collocott, Trevor R. Finlayson
Guy Kendall White graduated from the University of Sydney, obtaining a BSc (Hons) (1st class) in 1945 and an MSc in 1947. He attended the University of Oxford and obtained a DPhil, studying low-temperature physics in the Clarendon Laboratory. He had a productive research career as a condensed matter experimental physicist, focusing on transport and thermophysical properties of solids at low temperatures
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A history of CSIRO’s Central Australian Laboratory 2, 1980–2018: interdisciplinary land research Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-11-07 Margaret H. Friedel, Stephen R. Morton, Gary N. Bastin, Jocelyn Davies, D. Mark Stafford Smith
In the first 27 years of the Central Australian Laboratory (CAL), to 1980, research focussed almost entirely on the needs of the pastoral industry. By the 1980s, ongoing campaigns for Aboriginal land rights and demands to conserve biodiversity plainly showed that there were other land uses deserving research attention. Initially CAL’s research agenda expanded to include conservation in spinifex grasslands
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A history of CSIRO’S Central Australian Laboratory, 1: 1953–80: pastoral land research Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-11-07 Margaret H. Friedel, Stephen R. Morton
CSIRO’s research in the arid zone was initiated after World War 2 when a strong push to develop the sparsely populated and isolated region of northern Australia was promoted as being in the national interest. This impetus had social and political origins but implementation depended on scientific insights into regional ‘potential’, which was couched at the time in terms of agronomic and pastoral use
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The Australian Coral Reef Society: the last 40 years of a century working with Australia’s coral reefs Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-09-27 Sarah M. Hamylton, Pat Hutchings, Carrie Sims, Selina Ward
On the 100-year anniversary of the Australian Coral Reef Society (ACRS), previously known as the Great Barrier Reef Committee (GBRC), we provide an overview of ACRS activities throughout its history, with a detailed account of key milestones in the last 40 years. We outline how the ACRS as promoted the protection and conservation of reefs, through expert advice, reviews, and submissions to enquiries
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The remarkable contributions of ten outstanding women to Australian coral reef science Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-09-21 Pat Hutchings, Barbara E. Brown, Maria Byrne, Sarah Hamylton, Tom Spencer
This article summarises the careers of ten women who have made an amazing contribution to our knowledge of Australian coral reefs and their management, and how this contribution has been used by the Great Barrier Reef Committee (subsequently the Australian Coral Reef Society) to conserve and manage our reefs—an ongoing process in the face of climate change.
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‘The border problems of science and philosophy’: Ilse Rosenthal-Schneider and post-World War 2 science in Australian academia and society Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-07-19 Daniela K. Helbig, Maureen A. O’Malley
Ilse Rosenthal-Schneider (1891–1990), a refugee immigrant to Australia in 1938, was a student of Nobel Prize-winning physicists, Einstein, Planck, and von Laue. She combined a background in physics, especially relativity theory, with a philosophical focus on the nature and possibilities of knowledge. As well as working at the University of Sydney to teach science students how to recognise philosophical
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Polar weighing—an Oertling balance in Antarctica Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-06-28 Nicola H. Williams
Scales and spring balances have been part of the equipment of polar expeditions since the explorations of the nineteenth century, but precision beam balances have also been included, specifically, those made by the London instrument firm of L. Oertling. In this paper, the reasons for taking such delicate instruments into such adverse conditions are discussed, as well as some of the logistical and practical
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Ross Henry Day 1927–2018 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Max Coltheart, Nicholas J. Wade
Ross Henry Day was an Australian experimental psychologist well known for his research on visual illusions and for his critical role in the establishment of experimental psychology in Australia. This role began with his creation of Australia’s first department of experimental psychology at Monash University in 1965. He also played a leading role in the formation of the Australian Psychological Society
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Soil in the air Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-06-10 Libby Robin
The post-war era of the 1940s is known for the birth of global governance, a time when Western nations united in efforts to reconstruct the war-torn world and reflected on the role of science in society. History and philosophy of science (HPS) was one of the early projects that emerged out of the war years. Diana (Ding) Dyason who headed the first HPS department in the southern hemisphere is honoured
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Geoffrey Burnstock 1929–2020 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-06-08 R. Alan North, Marcello Costa
Geoffrey Burnstock was a biomedical scientist who gained renown for his discovery that adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) functions as an extracellular signalling molecule. Born in London and educated at King’s and University Colleges, he did postdoctoral work at Mill Hill and Oxford. He moved in 1959 to the Department of Zoology at the University of Melbourne because he sensed there a greater freedom
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Practising organometallic chemistry in nineteenth century Australia: David Orme Masson and diethyl magnesium Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-06-07 Ian D. Rae
By the late 1880s, the existence of alkyl derivatives of metals such as zinc and mercury was well established but diethyl magnesium had been poorly characterised and obtaining proof of its existence was a reasonable aim for chemists. Professor David Orme Masson and his student, Norman Wilsmore, at the university in the British colonial capital, Melbourne, accepted the challenge despite their distance
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Hans Charles Freeman 1929–2008 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-06-07 Trevor W. Hambley, Ian D. Rae
Hans Freeman was born in Germany and arrived in Australia with his parents in 1938. A brilliant student at the University of Sydney, he spent a seminal year at the California Institute of Technology before joining the staff at Sydney and initiating research on bioinorganic chemistry, studying metal ion complexes of compounds of biological significance such as amino acids, peptides and proteins. In
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J. A. Leach’s Australian Bird Book: at the interface of science and recreation Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-05-30 Russell McGregor
An Australian Bird Book by J. A. Leach, published in 1911, was the first field guide to Australia’s avifauna. Unlike today’s field guides, it was not tightly focussed on identification, instead devoting more than half its words to an expansive dissertation on the natural history of birds. This article scrutinises and contextualises Leach’s Bird Book to illuminate some of the interconnections between
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Responses by Australian pharmacologists to respiratory depression caused by opiates and barbiturates Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-17 Ian D. Rae
In the middle of the last century, pharmacologists at the University of Melbourne led by Professor Frank Shaw inadvertently discovered that an amino-acridine they were using in other experiments reversed the respiratory depressive effects of morphine. They widened their search for such activity, experimenting with a range of heterocyclic substances and achieving success with a thiazole derivative,
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Amyand David Buckingham 1930–2021* Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-18 Sir David C. Clary, Brian J. Orr
Professor A. David Buckingham CBE FRS FAA made fundamental theoretical and experimental contributions to the understanding of optical, electric and magnetic properties of molecules. Born in Australia, he was an undergraduate at the University of Sydney and took his PhD at the University of Cambridge, UK. He moved to Oxford in 1955 and then in 1965 became Professor of Theoretical Chemistry at the University
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Mervyn Silas Paterson 1925–2020 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-18 Ian Jackson
Mervyn Paterson exploited a background in metallurgical engineering and the physics of metals as the basis for a long and influential career in earth sciences, mainly at the Australian National University. Recognising the need for specialized equipment for experimental rock deformation, Mervyn made a highly distinctive contribution through his design and construction of a series of machines of progressively
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Rumphius and Eucalyptus Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-21 Roderick Fensham
In 1743, Georg Rumphius described a tree from the island of Seram in Herbarium Amboinense as Arbor Versicolor (now known as Eucalyptus deglupta Blume). Thus, the first European name for a species in the iconic Australian genus of Eucalyptus was coined decades before the British collected specimens in Australia, and before it was given its current name by a French botanist in 1789. The English translation
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Scott William Sloan 1954–2019 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-11 John. P. Carter, David. M. Potts, Antonio Gens
Scott Sloan (1954–2019) was a leader of academic engineering in Australia and beyond, as evidenced by his numerous professional accolades and important research achievements, which have had significant impact on his chosen profession of geotechnical engineering. Educated in Australia and the United Kingdom, he returned to Australia in 1984 and developed a large and active research group at the University
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Lord Robert May of Oxford 1936–2020* Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-11 Lord (John) Krebs, Michael Hassell, Sir Charles Godfray
Robert May was the leading theoretical ecologist of his generation. He started his career as a theoretical physicist and began the transition to ecology soon after completing a post-doctoral fellowship at Harvard. His mathematical analysis of the stability of ecological communities challenged orthodox views and spawned a new research agenda. He demonstrated that many different patterns of population
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Mary Proctor and the Cawthron observatory project: a lost history of the Mount Stromlo Observatory Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-11 Martin Bush
Between 1912 and 1914, the Anglo-American popularizer of astronomy, Mary Proctor, undertook a tour of Australia and New Zealand in order to promote a solar observatory project that would ultimately be realized as the Mount Stromlo Observatory in Australia. Proctor came at the request of Walter Geoffrey Duffield, who would go on to be the first Director of the Mt Stromlo Observatory and who saw the
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James Waldo Lance 1926–2019 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-05-04 David Burke
James W. Lance was a clinical neurologist who created the first university-based department of neurology in Australia. He championed academic enquiry and the scientific basis of clinical practice, and his research had two major themes, motor control and headache. After his doctoral studies on the pyramidal tract of the cat, he became a pioneer of the new field of motor control studied in human subjects
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Aspects of the historiography of Australian archaeology Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-05-04 Hilary Howes
This article is a historiography, or critical review of the history, of Australian archaeology. It commences with a discussion of the two major regional histories of Australian archaeology, and a survey of the literature on the removal and scientific use of human remains. This is followed by an examination of the two major approaches to the history of Australian archaeology—individual and collective
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False testimony: the surveying career of Robert Hamilton Mathews Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-04-30 Terry Kass
The ethnographic recordings of Robert Hamilton Mathews in the late nineteeth and early twentieth centuries have preserved data about Aboriginal language, beliefs, customs, technology and social and family networks. This data has steadily gained increasing respect over more recent decades, and its quality is often attributed to Mathews’ previous career as a property surveyor. Nevertheless, detailed
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Sarah Elizabeth Smith 1941–2019 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-04-20 F. Andrew Smith, Tim Cavagnaro, Sandy Dickson
Sally Smith (1941–2019) was a world leader in the study of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses between plants and soil fungi that allow a wide range of plants to grow in soils low in nutrients, especially phosphate (Fig. 1). Her work has been relevant to both plant ecology and agricultural productivity. Sally obtained a tenurable position at the University of Adelaide after many years’ employment on short-term
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Alec Chisholm and the extinction of the Paradise Parrot Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-03-12 Russell McGregor
Rediscovered in 1921 after several decades of feared extinction, the resurrection of the Paradise Parrot was brief. Within a few decades more, the parrot was actually extinct, making it the only mainland Australian bird species known to have suffered that fate since colonisation. This article explores the reasons for the paucity and ineffectuality of attempts to preserve the species in the interwar
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Bibliography of the history of Australian science, no. 41, 2019/20 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Compiled by Helen M. Cohn
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CSIR and Australian industry: 1926–49 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Garrett Upstill, Thomas H. Spurling, Terence J. Healy
The primary function of CSIR, founded in 1926, was to promote primary and secondary industries in Australia. In its first decade, CSIR developed a successful model for delivering research of benefit to the primary sector. The period from the late 1930s was characterised by the expansion of CSIR, notably into secondary-industry research, and its wide-ranging and effective response to the industry and
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A re-examination of William Hann Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Peter Illingworth Taylor, Nicole Huxley
William Hann’s Northern Expedition set off on 26 June 1872 from Mount Surprise, a pastoral station west of Townsville, to determine the mineral and agricultural potential of Cape York Peninsula. The expedition was plagued by disharmony and there was later strong criticism of the leadership and its failure to provide any meaningful analysis of the findings. The authors (a descendent of Norman Taylor
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Australia and the International Astronomical Union: the 2003 Sydney General Assembly Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Nick Lomb
Thirty years after the first International Astronomical Union general assembly in Australia, another was held, again in Sydney. Organisation of the 2003 general assembly was complex as the IAU and would-be participants had much greater expectations than at the previous event. Australia had been awarded the 2003 general assembly six years earlier during the assembly at Kyoto, Japan. Full advantage was
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Robert Edwards and the history of Australian rock art research Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 M. A. Smith, J. Ross, R. G. Kimber
Working in the 1960s, Robert (Bob) Edwards was a key figure in the development of research into Australian rock art. He was one of the first rock art scholars to attempt a quantitative and comparative survey of rock engravings in south and central Australia. In this paper, we examine the development of his work on rock engravings, the intellectual context for his research, and the problems he addressed
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‘Casey did very good work for Wheeler and you are lucky to have him Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Matthew Spriggs
Dermot Casey (1897–1977) is known in Australian archaeology, if he is remembered at all, for being someone who assisted the premier prehistorian of Australia, John Mulvaney, in his excavations of the late 1950s and 1960s and whose collaboration Mulvaney greatly valued. But when Casey began his collaboration with Mulvaney he was already 58 years old and had had a continuing and significant archaeological
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David Mellor at the California Institute of Technology, 1937–8, the beginnings of Australian magnetochemistry Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Anthony T. Baker
David Paver Mellor (1903–80) was a physical inorganic chemist of significant influence in coordination chemistry and chemical education in Australia. He retired in 1970 after a brief appointment as dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of New South Wales, having been head of the School of Chemistry there for more than a decade. Mellor had been appointed to the staff of the University of
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Reverend Voyce and Père O Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Eve Haddow, Emilie Dotte-Sarout, Jim Specht
This paper considers the transnational collection, interpretation, and circulation of archaeological material acquired in North Solomon Islands (now the Autonomous Region of Bougainville) by Hobart born Methodist missionary the Reverend A. H. Voyce (1899–1984). In 1935, he gave an archaeological assemblage to Father P. O’Reilly, a French Marist priest, in the region to fulfil an ethnographic mission
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Bibliography of the History of Australian Science, No. 40, 2018/9 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Compiled by Helen M. Cohn
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John Gooden and the Birmingham proton synchrotron Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Brett A. Gooden
During World War 2, Sir Mark Oliphant began to plan for the construction of the world’s first proton synchrotron at the University of Birmingham. In March 1945, he offered a research fellowship to an enthusiastic and highly commended young physicist, John Stanley Gooden. Gooden had graduated from the University of Adelaide in 1941, and been working at the Radiophysics Laboratory, Sydney on radar research
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Australia and the International Astronomical Union: the 1973 Sydney general assembly Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Nick Lomb
Formed in 1919, the International Astronomical Union is the international body representing professional astronomers. Australia joined the union soon after its formation but, due to financial difficulties, dropped out for a few years until re-joining just before the Second World War. The main non-financial contribution any country can make to the union is to host one of its general assemblies that
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Ralph Owen Slatyer 1929–2012 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Graham Farquhar
Ralph Slatyer (16 April 1929–26 July 2012) had a distinguished career in the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation and the Australian National University, in plant-water relations and plant succession, leading the development of physiological plant ecology. He was the founding Professor of Environmental Biology at the Research School of Biological Sciences, at the Australian
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John Dallachy (1804–71): from gardener to botanical collector Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 John Leslie Dowe, Sara Maroske
The citation ‘Rockingham Bay, J. Dallachy’ is prominent in late nineteenth-century taxonomic publications associated with the flora of tropical Queensland. John Dallachy (1804–71) was employed as a botanical collector by the Melbourne Botanic Garden under the directorship of Baron Ferdinand von Mueller. Between 1864 and 1871, Dallachy resided in the Rockingham Bay area where he collected ~3500 botanical
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Ferdinand von Mueller Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Ian D. Rae, Sara Maroske
Victoria’s government botanist and, at the time, Director of the Botanic Garden, Ferdinand von Mueller had a strong interest in the possible industrial and medicinal uses of plant products (economic botany), for which he established a phytochemical laboratory and engaged the services of qualified chemists to conduct experiments on wood distillation, paper-making, essential oils, alkaloids, ash of woods
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Engaging with Australian industry: CSIRO in the late twentieth century Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Garrett Upstill, Thomas H. Spurling
The increased engagement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) with Australian industry from the early 1980s to the late 1990s marks it as an unusual era for CSIRO. The reasons lie in CSIRO’s response to the economic and political background of the time and to government moves to reinvigorate the industrial sector. By the end of the century, external pressures
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Maxwell Frank Cooper Day 1915–2017 Historical Records of Australian Science (IF 0.3) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Libby Robin, Jon C. Day
Max Day (1915–2017) entomologist, scientific diplomat and conservationist, was a national scientific leader across the twentieth century, a time that spanned the rise of the idea of the environment and of concern about ecological limits. He was a pioneer in Australia of integrated, cross-disciplinary science and an important advocate of evidence-based policy-making. His fundamental disciplinary work