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Experimental evolution of cancer chromosomal changes Nat. Genet. (IF 30.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Molly A. Guscott, Sarah E. McClelland
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The Egypt Genome Project Nat. Genet. (IF 30.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Mohamed A. Elmonem, Neveen A. Soliman, Ahmed Moustafa, Yehia Z. Gad, Wael A. Hassan, Tarek Taha, Gina El-Feky, Mahmoud Sakr, Khaled Amer
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A GGC-repeat expansion in ZFHX3 encoding polyglycine causes spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 and impairs autophagy Nat. Genet. (IF 30.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Karla P. Figueroa, Caspar Gross, Elena Buena-Atienza, Sharan Paul, Mandi Gandelman, Naseebullah Kakar, Marc Sturm, Nicolas Casadei, Jakob Admard, Joohyun Park, Christine Zühlke, Yorck Hellenbroich, Jelena Pozojevic, Saranya Balachandran, Kristian Händler, Simone Zittel, Dagmar Timmann, Friedrich Erdlenbruch, Laura Herrmann, Thomas Feindt, Martin Zenker, Thomas Klopstock, Claudia Dufke, Daniel R. Scoles
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Long noncoding RNAs underlie multiple domestication traits and leafhopper resistance in soybean Nat. Genet. (IF 30.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Weidong Wang, Jingbo Duan, Xutong Wang, Xingxing Feng, Liyang Chen, Chancelor B. Clark, Stephen A. Swarm, Jinbin Wang, Sen Lin, Randall L. Nelson, Blake C. Meyers, Xianzhong Feng, Jianxin Ma
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Advancing genomics to improve health equity Nat. Genet. (IF 30.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Ebony B. Madden, Lucia A. Hindorff, Vence L. Bonham, Tabia Henry Akintobi, Esteban G. Burchard, Kellan E. Baker, Rene L. Begay, John D. Carpten, Nancy J. Cox, Valentina Di Francesco, Denise A. Dillard, Faith E. Fletcher, Stephanie M. Fullerton, Nanibaa’ A. Garrison, Catherine M. Hammack-Aviran, Vanessa Y. Hiratsuka, James E. K. Hildreth, Carol R. Horowitz, Chanita A. Hughes Halbert, Michael Inouye
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I strive to make the Great Barrier Reef more resilient to heat stress Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-29
Matthew Nitschke grows coral symbionts in a slowly warming tank to prepare reef life for climate change.
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Superconductivity hunt gets boost from China's $220 million physics 'playground' Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-29
From extreme cold to strong magnets and high pressures, the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility (SECUF) provides conditions for researching these potential wonder materials.
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Elephant-nose fish ‘see’ farther by electric sensing when in groups Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-29
The elephant-nose fish detects electric pulses from its neighbours to extend the distance over which it senses objects.
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85 million cells — and counting — at your fingertips Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-29
Chan Zuckerberg CELL by GENE Discover aims to be a one-stop shop for single-cell RNA sequencing data storage, access and analysis.
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Daily briefing: Gaze upon the most detailed Moon maps ever made Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-26
The new Geologic Atlas took more than 100 researchers over a decade to compile. Plus, how gliding marsupials got their ‘wings’ and H5N1 bird flu virus material has been detected in US milk.
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Continuous germinal center invasion contributes to the diversity of the immune response Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Thomas Hägglöf, Melissa Cipolla, Maximilian Loewe, Spencer T. Chen, Ervin E. Kara, Luka Mesin, Harald Hartweger, Mohamed A. ElTanbouly, Alice Cho, Anna Gazumyan, Victor Ramos, Leonidas Stamatatos, Thiago Y. Oliveira, Michel C. Nussenzweig, Charlotte Viant
No Abstract
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Bird flu virus has been spreading in US cows for months, RNA reveals Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-27
Genomic analysis suggests that the outbreak probably began in December or January, but a shortage of data is hampering efforts to pin down the source.
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Want to make a difference? Try working at an environmental non-profit organization Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-26
Moving to non-profit work requires researchers to shift their mindset to focus on applied science for policymaking and conservation practice.
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Corporate emissions targets and the neglect of future innovators Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Yann Robiou du Pont, Joeri Rogelj, Angel Hsu, Detlef van Vuuren, Andreas G. F. Hoepner
Widely recognized as key partners for achieving international climate goals (1, 2), businesses like to indicate that their targets and activities are “Paris-aligned.” In response, research and initiatives have emerged to guide and assess whether companies’ targets represent an adequate mitigation effort to achieve the Paris Agreement. Here, we highlight conceptual limitations of effort-sharing approaches
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A sound beginning of life starts before birth Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Hans Slabbekoorn
The acoustic environment of animals and humans has never been quiet, encompassing all sounds, from natural to those made by humans. The effect of sound on physiology and development starts before birth, which is why a world that grows increasingly more noisy, with loud outdoor entertainment, construction, and traffic, is a concern. On page 475 of this issue, Meillère et al. (1) report that exposure
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Microbes and vitamin D aid immunotherapy Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Fabien Franco, Kathy D. McCoy
Tremendous progress has been made in improving cancer immunotherapy, which is now established as a pillar for cancer treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) enhance antitumoral T cell responses by blocking interactions of the inhibitory receptors cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) or programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) that are expressed on T cells with their ligands. ICIs
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Ciliopathy patient variants reveal organelle-specific functions for TUBB4B in axonemal microtubules Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Daniel O. Dodd, Sabrina Mechaussier, Patricia L. Yeyati, Fraser McPhie, Jacob R. Anderson, Chen Jing Khoo, Amelia Shoemark, Deepesh K. Gupta, Thomas Attard, Maimoona A. Zariwala, Marie Legendre, Diana Bracht, Julia Wallmeier, Miao Gui, Mahmoud R. Fassad, David A. Parry, Peter A. Tennant, Alison Meynert, Gabrielle Wheway, Lucas Fares-Taie, Holly A. Black, Rana Mitri-Frangieh, Catherine Faucon, Josseline
Tubulin, one of the most abundant cytoskeletal building blocks, has numerous isotypes in metazoans encoded by different conserved genes. Whether these distinct isotypes form cell type– and context-specific microtubule structures is poorly understood. Based on a cohort of 12 patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia as well as mouse mutants, we identified and characterized variants in the TUBB4B isotype
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Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of kidney cancer identifies 63 susceptibility regions Nat. Genet. (IF 30.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Mark P. Purdue, Diptavo Dutta, Mitchell J. Machiela, Bryan R. Gorman, Timothy Winter, Dayne Okuhara, Sara Cleland, Aida Ferreiro-Iglesias, Paul Scheet, Aoxing Liu, Chao Wu, Samuel O. Antwi, James Larkin, Stênio C. Zequi, Maxine Sun, Keiko Hikino, Ali Hajiran, Keith A. Lawson, Flavio Cárcano, Odile Blanchet, Brian Shuch, Kenneth G. Nepple, Gaëlle Margue, Debasish Sundi, W. Ryan Diver, Maria A. A. K
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LPCAT1-mediated membrane phospholipid remodelling promotes ferroptosis evasion and tumour growth Nat. Cell Biol. (IF 21.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Ziwen Li, Yameng Hu, Haiqing Zheng, Man Li, Yuanji Liu, Rongni Feng, Xincheng Li, Shuxia Zhang, Miaoling Tang, Meisongzhu Yang, Ruyuan Yu, Yingru Xu, Xinyi Liao, Suwen Chen, Wanying Qian, Qiliang Zhang, Daolin Tang, Bo Li, Libing Song, Jun Li
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Analysis and benchmarking of small and large genomic variants across tandem repeats Nat. Biotechnol. (IF 46.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Adam C. English, Egor Dolzhenko, Helyaneh Ziaei Jam, Sean K. McKenzie, Nathan D. Olson, Wouter De Coster, Jonghun Park, Bida Gu, Justin Wagner, Michael A. Eberle, Melissa Gymrek, Mark J. P. Chaisson, Justin M. Zook, Fritz J. Sedlazeck
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Audio long read: Why loneliness is bad for your health Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-26
Listen to an audio version of a recent Nature Feature.
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Could a rare mutation that causes dwarfism also slow ageing? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-26
People with Laron syndrome have a low risk of heart disease and a number of other age-related disorders, hinting at strategies for new treatments.
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Future of Humanity Institute shuts: what’s next for ‘deep future’ research? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-26
Researchers from several disciplines hope to predict — and prevent — scenarios that pose risks to humanity.
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Garden-variety fungus is an expert at environmental clean-ups Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
The common fungus Aspergillus niger removes both heavy metals and organic pollutants from its surroundings.
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Air-travel climate-change emissions detailed for nearly 200 nations Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
Carbon emissions from flights that departed from low- and middle-income countries in 2019 totalled 417 million tonnes.
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Rat neurons repair mouse brains — and restore sense of smell Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
Scientists develop hybrid mice by filling in missing cells and structures in their brains with rat stem cells.
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Hello puffins, goodbye belugas: changing Arctic fjord hints at our climate future Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
Stunning images show an ecosystem’s upheaval as it warms at an alarming pace.
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Scientists urged to collect royalties from the ‘magic money tree’ Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
By joining a collecting society, researchers can ensure they are paid when copyrighted book content and papers are reproduced.
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Daily briefing: How an unlikely friendship with Jung influenced Pauli’s physics Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
A patient-analyst relationship to psychoanalyst Carl Jung that evolved into a friendship deeply influenced physicist Wolfgang Pauli’s work. Plus, organoids shed light on cancer and other diseases, and medieval graves reveal secrets of a mysterious nomadic people.
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NIH pay raise for postdocs and PhD students could have US ripple effect Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
Salary increases for the 17,000-plus recipients of an NIH research award could lead to increases in other academic settings.
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Bird flu in US cows: is the milk supply safe? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
Pasteurized milk is probably not a threat to people, but fresh milk droplets on milking equipment could be spreading the virus in a herd.
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Judge dismisses superconductivity physicist’s lawsuit against university Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
Ranga Dias sued his university, in part, for allegedly conducting a biased investigation, which found he had committed extensive scientific misconduct.
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Daily briefing: The origins of bioluminescence in animals date back over half a billion years Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24
Octocorals probably evolved the ability to make light when the first animals developed eyes. Plus, the WHO has redefined ‘airborne transmission’ and how artificial intelligence is changing weapons of war.
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How DNA encodes the start of transcription Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Jun Wang, Vikram Agarwal
The central dogma of molecular biology outlines the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins. With a limited vocabulary of four nucleotides (A, C, G, and T), DNA encodes an extensive instruction set, including the chromosomal positions where RNAs begin to be transcribed and the magnitudes of their expression. This process, known as transcription initiation (1), begins at transcription
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Structural rearrangements in the nucleus localize latent HIV proviruses to a perinucleolar compartment supportive of reactivation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Fredrick Kizito, Kien Nguyen, Uri Mbonye, Meenakshi Shukla, Benjamin Luttge, Mary Ann Checkley, Anna Agaponova, Konstantin Leskov, Jonathan Karn
Using an immunofluorescence assay based on CRISPR-dCas9-gRNA complexes that selectively bind to the HIV LTR (HIV Cas-FISH), we traced changes in HIV DNA localization in primary effector T cells from early infection until the cells become quiescent as they transition to memory cells. Unintegrated HIV DNA colocalized with CPSF6 and HIV capsid (CA, p24) was found in the cytoplasm and nuclear periphery
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Machine learning enables identification of an alternative yeast galactose utilization pathway Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Marie-Claire Harrison, Emily J. Ubbelohde, Abigail L. LaBella, Dana A. Opulente, John F. Wolters, Xiaofan Zhou, Xing-Xing Shen, Marizeth Groenewald, Chris Todd Hittinger, Antonis Rokas
How genomic differences contribute to phenotypic differences is a major question in biology. The recently characterized genomes, isolation environments, and qualitative patterns of growth on 122 sources and conditions of 1,154 strains from 1,049 fungal species (nearly all known) in the yeast subphylum Saccharomycotina provide a powerful, yet complex, dataset for addressing this question. We used a
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Limits of economy and fidelity for programmable assembly of size-controlled triply periodic polyhedra Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Carlos M. Duque, Douglas M. Hall, Botond Tyukodi, Michael F. Hagan, Christian D. Santangelo, Gregory M. Grason
We propose and investigate an extension of the Caspar–Klug symmetry principles for viral capsid assembly to the programmable assembly of size-controlled triply periodic polyhedra, discrete variants of the Primitive, Diamond, and Gyroid cubic minimal surfaces. Inspired by a recent class of programmable DNA origami colloids, we demonstrate that the economy of design in these crystalline assemblies—in
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Negative correlation between soil salinity and soil organic carbon variability Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Amirhossein Hassani, Pete Smith, Nima Shokri
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is vital for terrestrial ecosystems, affecting biogeochemical processes, and soil health. It is known that soil salinity impacts SOC content, yet the specific direction and magnitude of SOC variability in relation to soil salinity remain poorly understood. Analyzing 43,459 mineral soil samples (SOC < 150 g kg −1 ) collected across different land covers since 1992, we approximate
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Cryo-EM reveals a nearly complete PCNA loading process and unique features of the human alternative clamp loader CTF18-RFC Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Qing He, Feng Wang, Michael E. O’Donnell, Huilin Li
The DNA sliding clamp PCNA is a multipurpose platform for DNA polymerases and many other proteins involved in DNA metabolism. The topologically closed PCNA ring needs to be cracked open and loaded onto DNA by a clamp loader, e.g., the well-studied pentameric ATPase complex RFC (RFC1-5). The CTF18-RFC complex is an alternative clamp loader found recently to bind the leading strand DNA polymerase ε and
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Dissection and integration of bursty transcriptional dynamics for complex systems Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Cheng Frank Gao, Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan, Samantha J. Riesenfeld
RNA velocity estimation is a potentially powerful tool to reveal the directionality of transcriptional changes in single-cell RNA-sequencing data, but it lacks accuracy, absent advanced metabolic labeling techniques. We developed an approach, TopicVelo , that disentangles simultaneous, yet distinct, dynamics by using a probabilistic topic model, a highly interpretable form of latent space factorization
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Human anti-PSCA CAR macrophages possess potent antitumor activity against pancreatic cancer Cell Stem Cell (IF 23.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Zahir Shah, Lei Tian, Zhixin Li, Lewei Jin, Jianying Zhang, Zhenlong Li, Tasha Barr, Hejun Tang, Mingye Feng, Michael A. Caligiuri, Jianhua Yu
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From periphery to center stage: 50 years of advancements in innate immunity Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Susan Carpenter, Luke A.J. O’Neill
Over the past 50 years in the field of immunology, something of a Copernican revolution has happened. For a long time, immunologists were mainly concerned with what is termed adaptive immunity, which involves the exquisitely specific activities of lymphocytes. But the other arm of immunity, so-called “innate immunity,” had been neglected. To celebrate Cell’s 50th anniversary, we have put together a
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Principles and therapeutic applications of adaptive immunity Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Hongbo Chi, Marion Pepper, Paul G. Thomas
Adaptive immunity provides protection against infectious and malignant diseases. These effects are mediated by lymphocytes that sense and respond with targeted precision to perturbations induced by pathogens and tissue damage. Here, we review key principles underlying adaptive immunity orchestrated by distinct T cell and B cell populations and their extensions to disease therapies. We discuss the intracellular
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Exploring new perspectives in immunology Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Ruslan Medzhitov, Akiko Iwasaki
Several conceptual pillars form the foundation of modern immunology, including the clonal selection theory, antigen receptor diversity, immune memory, and innate control of adaptive immunity. However, some immunological phenomena cannot be explained by the current framework. Thus, we still do not know how to design vaccines that would provide long-lasting protective immunity against certain pathogens
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The plant immune system: From discovery to deployment Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Jonathan D.G. Jones, Brian J. Staskawicz, Jeffery L. Dangl
Plant diseases cause famines, drive human migration, and present challenges to agricultural sustainability as pathogen ranges shift under climate change. Plant breeders discovered Mendelian genetic loci conferring disease resistance to specific pathogen isolates over 100 years ago. Subsequent breeding for disease resistance underpins modern agriculture and, along with the emergence and focus on model
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Many paths lead to immunology Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Ana J. García-Sáez, Ana I. Domingos, J. Silvio Gutkind, Seema Mattoo, Peng Du
While some people pore over the textbook and train through the classics of the field, many scientists come to immunology when they discover it intersecting with their “first love” interests. Five of these “accidental immunologists” tell us how they found their way to a fascination with the immune system.
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A glycolytic metabolite that drives BRCA2 haploinsufficiency Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Peng Jiang
Many types of tumor cells alter metabolic pathways to meet their energy and biosynthetic demands for proliferation or stress adaptation. In this issue of Cell, Kong et al. find that the glycolytic metabolite methylglyoxal causes cancer-associated mutant single-base substitution features by inducing BRCA2 proteolysis, leading to functional haploinsufficiency of BRCA2.
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Mapping the pancancer metastasis tumor microbiome Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Chi Chun Wong, Jun Yu
The landscape of the intratumoral microbiome in tumor metastases is largely unchartered. In this issue of Cell, Voest et al. profiled the tumor metastasis-associated microbiome in a pancancer cohort of 4,160 biopsies from 26 cancer types. This dataset offers a useful resource for understanding the role of the microbiome in metastatic cancers.
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Generation of rat forebrain tissues in mice Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Jia Huang, Bingbing He, Xiali Yang, Xin Long, Yinghui Wei, Leijie Li, Min Tang, Yanxia Gao, Yuan Fang, Wenqin Ying, Zikang Wang, Chao Li, Yingsi Zhou, Shuaishuai Li, Linyu Shi, Seungwon Choi, Haibo Zhou, Fan Guo, Hui Yang, Jun Wu
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Functional sensory circuits built from neurons of two species Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Benjamin T. Throesch, Muhammad Khadeesh bin Imtiaz, Rodrigo Muñoz-Castañeda, Masahiro Sakurai, Andrea L. Hartzell, Kiely N. James, Alberto R. Rodriguez, Greg Martin, Giordano Lippi, Sergey Kupriyanov, Zhuhao Wu, Pavel Osten, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, Jun Wu, Kristin K. Baldwin
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Positive selection CRISPR screens reveal a druggable pocket in an oligosaccharyltransferase required for inflammatory signaling to NF-κB Cell (IF 64.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Benjamin L. Lampson, Ana S. Ramίrez, Marta Baro, Lixia He, Mudra Hegde, Vidyasagar Koduri, Jamie L. Pfaff, Ruth E. Hanna, Julia Kowal, Nitin H. Shirole, Yanfeng He, John G. Doench, Joseph N. Contessa, Kaspar P. Locher, William G. Kaelin
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China's Moon atlas is the most detailed ever made Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
The Geologic Atlas of the Lunar Globe doubles the resolution of Apollo-era maps and will support the space ambitions of China and other countries.
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‘Shut up and calculate’: how Einstein lost the battle to explain quantum reality Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
By suppressing questions they considered too ‘philosophical’, post-war physicists created an unquestioning orthodoxy that influences science to this day.
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Algorithm ranks peer reviewers by reputation — but critics warn of bias Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
There are questions about whether the tool, which could be used by editors to find and shortlist peer reviewers, would disadvantage inexperienced candidates or those in certain locations.
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NATO is boosting AI and climate research as scientific diplomacy remains on ice Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
As the military alliance created to counter the Soviet Union expands, it is prioritizing studies on how climate change affects security, cyber attacks and election interference.
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Are robots the solution to the crisis in older-person care? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-25
Social robots that promise companionship and stimulation for older people and those with dementia are attracting investment, but some question their benefits.
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Structures of human γδ T cell receptor–CD3 complex Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Weizhi Xin, Bangdong Huang, Ximin Chi, Yuehua Liu, Mengjiao Xu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Xu Li, Qiang Su, Qiang Zhou
Gamma delta (γδ) T cells, a unique T cell subgroup, are crucial in various immune responses and immunopathology1-3. The γδ T cell receptor (TCR), generated by γδ T cells, recognizes a diverse range of antigens independently of the major histocompatibility complex2. The γδ TCR associates with CD3 subunits, initiating T cell activation and holding great potential in immunotherapy4. Here, we report the
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How gliding marsupials got their ‘wings’ Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24
Hear the biggest stories from the world of science | 24 April 2024
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Should the Maldives be creating new land? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-24
The Maldives are racing to reclaim vast amounts of land to combat rising sea levels. But many are concerned that these efforts risk harming the paradise they aims to protect