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Superior optical gain in zinc selenide colloidal nanocrystals induced by Coulomb-correlated electron–hole plasma Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Zhigao Huang, Hanchen Shen, Yiming Wu, Yuting Wu, Weigao Xu, Xie Zhang, Yue Wang
Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) have been recognized as promising solution-processable gain media; however, the lasers with state-of-the-art performance exclusively originate from the cadmium- and lead-based NCs. Herein, we for the first time unravel that high-quality heavy-metal-free ZnSe/ZnS NCs show superior optical gain and lasing performance when the sizes exceed the quantum confinement
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Nanostructured binary transition-metal-sulfides and nanocomposites as high-performance electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Mengxuan Sun, Xiaohe Ren, Ziwei Gan, Mingdong Liu, Yongxiu Sun, Wenzhong Shen, Zhijie Li, YongQing Fu
Supercapacitors (SCs) are attractive as promising energy storage devices because of their distinctive attributes, such as high power density, good current charge/discharge ability, excellent cyclic stability, reasonable safety, and low cost. Electrode materials play key roles in achieving excellent performance of these SCs. Among them, binary transition metal sulfides (BTMSs) have received significant
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Graphene–fullerene heterostructures as robust and flexible nanomechanical bits Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-10 Yixuan Xue, Harold S. Park, Jin-Wu Jiang
Electrical computers have revolutionized society over the past several decades, but questions have remained about their ability to perform in extreme environments, such as their stability at high-temperature conditions. This has motivated the recent surge of interest in developing mechanical computing platforms at all length scales, including the nanoscale, in which traditional electrical computers
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A novel nanoplasmonic-based diagnosis platform: Advances and emerging technologies Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Gyeong-Ji Kim, Sung Eun Seo, Seo Jin Kim, Kyoung G. Lee, Oh Seok Kwon
The development of a rapid, simple, inexpensive, and sensitive nucleic acid assay is critical in ultrafast diagnostic systems to prevent the rapid spread of novel infectious agents. However, current representative diagnostic methods, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), are bulky, expensive, complex, and time-consuming. The plasmonic photothermal effect of plasmonic materials is widely used
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Physical cues of scaffolds promote peripheral nerve regeneration Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 Wanqing Cao, Ye Zhang, Luhe Li, Bin Liu, Jianxun Ding, Xuesi Chen
The effective treatment of long-gap peripheral nerve injury (PNI) remains a challenge in clinical settings. The autograft, the gold standard for the long-gap PNI therapy, has several limitations, including a limited supply of donor nerve, size mismatch between the donor and recipient sites, functional loss at the donor site, neuroma formation, and the requirement for two operations. With the increasing
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Radiation hardness of semiconductor laser diodes for space communication Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 Manyang Li, Chao Shen, Zhenyu Sun, Bo Xu, Chao Zhao, Zhanguo Wang
Semiconductor laser diodes (LDs), with merits of little volume, lightweight, low power consumption, ease of modulation, and high data rates, are great candidates for space laser communications. However, operating in a radiation environment can result in various damages to LDs. Hence, the growing focus on satellite laser communications necessitates LDs with improved radiation hardness. This review covers
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Directional liquid dynamics on superwetting interfaces Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 Chunhui Zhang, Shihao Guo, Xixi Liu, Ziwei Guo, Cunming Yu, Yuzhen Ning, Kesong Liu, Lei Jiang
Directional liquid dynamics show significant interest across various fields, including energy, environmental remediation, water harvesting, microfluidics, and heat transfer. Nature creatures have developed remarkable abilities to manipulate liquid through their distinct surface structures and chemical compositions, offering valuable insights for human endeavors. Understanding the fundamental principles
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High-Q silicon microring resonator with ultrathin sub-wavelength thicknesses for sensitive gas sensing Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 Rongxiang Guo, Qi He, Zunyue Zhang, Yingqi Xu, Shujiao Zhang, Qiyue Lang, Shuqi Xiao, Peize Han, Jiaqi Wang, Tianben Ding, Tiegen Liu, Hon Ki Tsang, Keisuke Goda, Zhenzhou Cheng
Microring resonators, due to their ability to enable robust strong light–matter interactions within their structures, have garnered substantial interest for their utility in sensing applications, particularly in the realm of gas detection. However, there is an inherent trade-off between a microring resonator's quality factor and confinement factor in the air, making it difficult to balance them. Here
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Recent advances of phase transition and ferroelectric device in two-dimensional In2Se3 Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Wei Han, Zhen Wang, Shuang Guan, Jiayun Wei, Yunrui Jiang, Longhui Zeng, Liangping Shen, Daohong Yang, Hao Wang
The coupling of ferroelectric, photoelectric, semiconducting, and phase transition properties make two-dimensional (2D) In2Se3 a material platform with great application potential in the phase change memory, intelligent sensing, and in-memory computing devices. However, at present, there are unclear phase transition mechanisms and ferroelectric dynamics in 2D In2Se3, which seriously hinder the development
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Demystifying metal-assisted chemical etching of GaN and related heterojunctions Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-30 Clarence Y. Chan, Jan Paul Menzel, Yicong Dong, Zhuoran Long, Aadil Waseem, Xihang Wu, Yixin Xiao, Jinqiao Xie, Edmond K. C. Chow, Shaloo Rakheja, Victor S. Batista, Zetian Mi, Xiuling Li
GaN and related semiconductors have become an increasingly prominent material for a wide range of active and passive devices from optoelectronics to high frequency and power electronics as well as photocatalysis. Regardless of the application, anisotropic etching is required for micro and nano structuring, currently performed by reactive ion etching (RIE). Alternately, metal-assisted chemical etching
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A generalized model for tribovoltaic nanogenerator Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Xin Guo, Jing You, Di Wei, Jiajia Shao, Zhong Lin Wang
Converting mechanical energy into direct-current electric power based on the tribovoltaic effect is a typical characteristic of tribovoltaic nanogenerators (TVNGs). Although this newly discovered physics effect has been devoted to numerous research studies recently, a generalized theoretical model is still missing, thus unable to comprehensively elaborate the working principles of TVNG. Unlike previous
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Nature-inspired miniaturized magnetic soft robotic swimmers Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 R. Pramanik, R. W. C. P. Verstappen, P. R. Onck
State-of-the-art biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery and laparoscopic surgery are extremely challenging because of the small length scales, the requirements of wireless manipulation, operational accuracy, and precise localization. In this regard, miniaturized magnetic soft robotic swimmers (MSRS) are attractive candidates since they offer a contactless mode of operation for precise
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Zero-dimensional nano-carbons: Synthesis, properties, and applications Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Darwin Kurniawan, Zhenhai Xia, Liming Dai, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Wei-Hung Chiang
Zero-dimensional (0D) nano-carbons, including graphene quantum dots, nanodiamonds, and carbon dots, represent the new generation of carbon-based nanomaterials with exceptional properties arising from diverse quantum phenomena, such as the surface, size, and edge effects, which strongly depend on the carbon–carbon bond configuration (sp2, sp3, and a mixture of sp2 and sp3) and particle size. Their unique
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Coupled mode theory for plasmonic couplers Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Alessandro Tuniz, Alex Y. Song, Giuseppe Della Valle, C. Martijn de Sterke
Photonic integrated circuits play an increasingly important role in several emerging technologies. Their functionality arises from a combination of integrated components, e.g., couplers, splitters, polarization rotators, and wavelength selective filters. Efficient and accurate simulation of these components is crucial for circuit design and optimization. In dielectric systems, design procedures typically
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Solution-processed 2D van der Waals networks: Fabrication strategies, properties, and scalable device applications Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Dongjoon Rhee, Deep Jariwala, Jeong Ho Cho, Joohoon Kang
Solution-based processing of two-dimensional (2D) materials has garnered significant interest as a facile and versatile route for the large-scalable production of 2D material films. Despite the benefits in process, these films were not considered suitable for device applications during the early stages of research because their electronic properties were far from those of 2D materials obtained through
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CMOS on-chip thermometry at deep cryogenic temperatures Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Grayson M. Noah, Thomas H. Swift, Mathieu de Kruijf, Alberto Gomez-Saiz, John J. L. Morton, M. Fernando Gonzalez-Zalba
Accurate on-chip temperature sensing is critical for the optimal performance of modern complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuits (ICs), to understand and monitor localized heating around the chip during operation. The development of quantum computers has stimulated much interest in ICs operating at deep cryogenic temperatures (typically 0.01–4 K), in which the reduced thermal
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Topological and compositional disorder induced exciton Anderson localization highly enhances luminescence quantum yields of alloyed perovskite nanocrystals Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Wenjie Ma, Ruonan Miao, Huaxin Wu, Guoyan Dong, Jiyang Fan
Anderson localization has inspired tremendous effort in exploring underlying physics regarding electron, atom, and photon transport in disordered lattices. However, due to the difficulty in implementing periodic trapping potential for neutral excitons, observing Anderson localization of excitons in disordered semiconductors remains challenging. We report evidence of Anderson localization of Frenkel
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Performance limiting inhomogeneities of defect states in ampere-class Ga2O3 power diodes Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Z. P. Wang, N. Sun, X. X. Yu, H. H. Gong, X. L. Ji, F.-F. Ren, S. L. Gu, Y. D. Zheng, R. Zhang, A. Yu. Kuznetsov, J. D. Ye
Impacts of spatial charge inhomogeneities on carrier transport fluctuations and premature breakdown were investigated in Schottky ampere-class Ga2O3 power diodes. Three prominent electron traps were detected in Ga2O3 epilayers by a combination of the depth-resolved capacitance spectroscopy profiling and gradual dry etching. The near-surface trap occurring at 1.06 eV below the conduction band minimum
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Large electro-opto-mechanical coupling in VO2 neuristors Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Upanya Khandelwal, Rama Satya Sandilya, Rajeev Kumar Rai, Deepak Sharma, Smruti Rekha Mahapatra, Debasish Mondal, Navakanta Bhat, Naga Phani Aetkuri, Sushobhan Avasthi, Saurabh Chandorkar, Pavan Nukala
Biological neurons are electro-mechanical systems, where the generation and propagation of an action potential are coupled to the generation and transmission of an acoustic wave. Neuristors, such as VO2, characterized by insulator-metal transition (IMT) and negative differential resistance, can be engineered as self-oscillators, which are good approximations of biological neurons in the domain of electrical
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Deep-reactive ion etching of silicon nanowire arrays at cryogenic temperatures Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Jiushuai Xu, Andam Deatama Refino, Alexandra Delvallée, Sebastian Seibert, Christian Schwalb, Poul Erik Hansen, Martin Foldyna, Lauryna Siaudinyte, Gerry Hamdana, Hutomo Suryo Wasisto, Jonathan Kottmeier, Andreas Dietzel, Thomas Weimann, Jan Kristen Prüssing, Hartmut Bracht, Erwin Peiner
The pursuit of sculpting materials at increasingly smaller and deeper scales remains a persistent subject in the field of micro- and nanofabrication. Anisotropic deep-reactive ion etching of silicon at cryogenic temperatures (cryo-DRIE) was investigated for fabricating arrays of vertically aligned Si nanowires (NWs) of a large range of dimensions from micrometers down to 30 nm in diameter, combined
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Graphene-based spintronics Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Gaojie Zhang, Hao Wu, Li Yang, Wen Jin, Wenfeng Zhang, Haixin Chang
Graphene, the first isolated two-dimensional atomic crystal, is about to pass its 20th year. The last decade has been a critical period for graphene to gradually move from the laboratory to practical applications, and the research on the spin-related physical properties and various spintronic applications of graphene is still enduring. In this review, we systematically retrospect the important and
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Charge-transfer hyperbolic polaritons in α-MoO3/graphene heterostructures Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 J. Shen, M. Chen, V. Korostelev, H. Kim, P. Fathi-Hafshejani, M. Mahjouri-Samani, K. Klyukin, G.-H. Lee, S. Dai
Charge transfer is a fundamental interface process that can be harnessed for light detection, photovoltaics, and photosynthesis. Recently, charge transfer was exploited in nanophotonics to alter plasmon polaritons by involving additional non-polaritonic materials to activate the charge transfer. Yet, direct charge transfer between polaritonic materials has not been demonstrated. We report the direct
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Exploring solvation structure and transport behavior for rational design of advanced electrolytes for next generation of lithium batteries Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Xiaozhao Liu, Volodymyr Koverga, Hoai T. Nguyen, Anh T. Ngo, Tao Li
The efficacy of electrolytes significantly affects battery performance, leading to the development of several strategies to enhance them. Despite this, the understanding of solvation structure remains inadequate. It is imperative to understand the structure–property–performance relationship of electrolytes using diverse techniques. This review explores the recent advancements in electrolyte design
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Wavelength-tuned transformation between photonic skyrmion and meron spin textures Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Min Lin, Qing Liu, Huigao Duan, Luping Du, Xiaocong Yuan
Topological spin textures, among which skyrmions and merons are typical examples, have with their swirling vectorial structures triggered enormous interest in physical systems including elementary particles and magnetic materials. Manipulating their symmetry and topology is important for understanding the mechanisms that underlie their topological phase transformation as well as offering tunable degrees
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Terahertz nanoscopy: Advances, challenges, and the road ahead Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Xiao Guo, Karl Bertling, Bogdan C. Donose, Michael Brünig, Adrian Cernescu, Alexander A. Govyadinov, Aleksandar D. Rakić
Exploring nanoscale material properties through light-matter interactions is essential to unveil new phenomena and manipulate materials at the atomic level, paving the way for ground-breaking advancements in nanotechnology and materials science. Various elementary excitations and low-energy modes of materials reside in the terahertz (THz) range of the electromagnetic spectrum (0.1–10 THz) and occur
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Engineering tools for stimulating wound healing Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Emily Lazarus, Lindsay Barnum, Srikanthan Ramesh, Jacob Quint, Mohamadmahdi Samandari, Simon Laflamme, Thomas W. Secord, Tannin Schmidt, Ali Tamayol, Iris V. Rivero
Wound healing is the complex physiological process of restoring the skin's integrity, structure, and function after damage caused by external conditions. The wound healing cascade may be altered due to the progression of certain diseases, such as diabetes, venous hypertension, or peripheral arterial disease, resulting in non-healing chronic wounds. Chronic wounds can be characterized by a wide variety
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What we talk about when we talk about breaking scaling relations Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Federico Calle-Vallejo
For more than a dozen years, “breaking scaling relations” has been regarded by many as a top priority in computational and experimental electrocatalysis. Numerous works claim to have done it, and literature reviews are available that summarize the strategies to do it. However, in most cases, it seems more like a slogan than a clear, experimentally realizable catalyst design paradigm. It is worth asking
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Spatially resolved lock-in micro-thermography (SR-LIT): A tensor analysis-enhanced method for anisotropic thermal characterization Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Dihui Wang, Heng Ban, Puqing Jiang
While high-throughput (HT) computations have streamlined the discovery of promising new materials, experimental characterization remains challenging and time-consuming. One significant bottleneck is the lack of an HT thermal characterization technique capable of analyzing advanced materials exhibiting varying surface roughness and in-plane anisotropy. To tackle these challenges, we introduce spatially
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Stretchable stiffness-tuning of liquid metal elastomer triggered by homocrystal seeds Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Ju Wang, Yangtai Hao, Yuchen Yao, Jingyi Li, Yujia Song, Jianye Gao, Jing Liu
The hybrid structure of liquid metal units and organic elastomer has huge potential in achieving stretchable and reversible stiffness regulation, while such tuning is often restrained by high energy consumption for liquid metal solidification. Here, we conceive to solve the above challenge through introducing the fully leveraging interaction between supercooled liquid metal and homocrystal seeds within
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Fluorite-structured antiferroelectric hafnium-zirconium oxide for emerging nonvolatile memory and neuromorphic-computing applications Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Kangli Xu, Tianyu Wang, Jiajie Yu, Yongkai Liu, Zhenhai Li, Chen Lu, Jieru Song, Jialin Meng, Hao Zhu, Qingqing Sun, David Wei Zhang, Lin Chen
The rapid progress of the internet of things, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence has increased demand for high-performance computing. This demand has led to a focused exploration of novel nonvolatile memory (NVM) and brain-inspired neuromorphic-computing electronics, with research efforts directed at identifying materials compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology
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Coherent diffractive imaging with twisted X-rays: Principles, applications, and outlook Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Nimish P. Nazirkar, Xiaowen Shi, Jian Shi, Moussa N'Gom, Edwin Fohtung
Recent technological breakthroughs in synchrotron and x-ray free electron laser facilities have revolutionized nanoscale structural and dynamic analyses in condensed matter systems. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the advancements in coherent scattering and diffractive imaging techniques, which are now at the forefront of exploring materials science complexities. These techniques,
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Bioengineered cell-constructs using decellularized fish skin-based composite bioink for regenerating muscle tissue Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 SeoYul Jo, Hyeongjin Lee, Yunju Jo, Eun-Ju Jin, Dongyun Kim, Dongryeol Ryu, Geun Hyung Kim
A biocomposite for enhancing muscle tissue regeneration was introduced using decellularized fish skins. Decellularized tilapia and cod skin were explored as constituents of the composite and compared with the conventionally used decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) derived from porcine skin tissue. As a cell-laden bioink for 3D bioprinting, the choice of tilapia skin dECM, which possesses remarkable
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Origin of discrete donor–acceptor pair transitions in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Setatira Gorji, Marie Krečmarová, Alejandro Molina, Maria C. Asensio, Andrés F. Gualdrón-Reyes, Jesús Rodríguez-Romero, Hamid Pashaei-Adl, Rodolfo Canet-Albiach, Luca Schio, Massimo Tormen, Luca Floreano, Iván Mora-Seró, Juan P. Martínez Pastor, Juan Francisco Sánchez-Royo, Guillermo Muñoz Matutano
Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention for potential use in photonic and light–matter applications at the nanoscale. Thanks to their excitonic properties, 2D perovskites are also promising active materials to be included in devices working at room temperature. In this work, we study the presence of very narrow and spatially localized optical transitions
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High-throughput thermoelectric materials screening by deep convolutional neural network with fused orbital field matrix and composition descriptors Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Mohammed Al-Fahdi, Kunpeng Yuan, Yagang Yao, Riccardo Rurali, Ming Hu
Thermoelectric materials harvest waste heat and convert it into reusable electricity. Thermoelectrics are also widely used in inverse ways such as refrigerators and cooling electronics. However, most popular and known thermoelectric materials to date were proposed and found by intuition, mostly through experiments. Unfortunately, it is extremely time and resource consuming to synthesize and measure
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The noise of the charge density waves in quasi-1D NbSe3 nanowires — contributions of electrons and quantum condensate Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Subhajit Ghosh, Sergey Rumyantsev, Alexander A. Balandin
Low-frequency electronic noise in charge-density-wave van der Waals materials has been an important characteristic, providing information about the material quality, phase transitions, and collective current transport. However, the noise sources and mechanisms have not been completely understood, particularly for the materials with a non-fully gapped Fermi surface where the electrical current includes
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Emergent quasi-two-dimensional ferromagnetic state with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/SrCuO2 interface Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Wenxiao Shi, Jing Zhang, Xiaozhi Zhan, Jialiang Li, Zhe Li, Jie Zheng, Mengqin Wang, Jine Zhang, Hui Zhang, Tao Zhu, Yunzhong Chen, Fengxia Hu, Baogen Shen, Yuansha Chen, Jirong Sun
Due to the strong interlayer coupling between multiple degrees of freedom, oxide heterostructures usually produce distinct interfacial phases with unexpected functionalities. Here, we report on the realization of quasi-two-dimensional ferromagnetic state in ultrathin La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) layer down to two unit cells (u.c.), being sandwiched by the planar infinite-layer structured SrCuO2 layers (P-SCO)
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Encapsulating perovskite solar cells for long-term stability and prevention of lead toxicity Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Shahriyar Safat Dipta, Md. Arifur Rahim, Ashraf Uddin
Lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved remarkable efficiencies comparable to those of their established silicon counterparts at a very fast pace. Moreover, solution-processable facile technologies offer low-cost, low-temperature, scalable fabrication of these solar cells. Numerous studies have focused on improving the performance, stability, and processing of PSCs. However, potential
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Continuous-variable quantum key distribution system: Past, present, and future Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Yichen Zhang, Yiming Bian, Zhengyu Li, Song Yu, Hong Guo
Quantum key distribution provides secure keys with information-theoretic security ensured by the principle of quantum mechanics. The continuous-variable version of quantum key distribution using coherent states offers the advantages of its compatibility with telecom industry, e.g., using commercial laser and homodyne detector, is now going through a booming period. In this review article, we describe
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The effect of intrinsic magnetic order on electrochemical water splitting Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Emma van der Minne, Lucas Korol, Lidewij M. A. Krakers, Michael Verhage, Carlos M. M. Rosário, Thijs J. Roskamp, Raymond J. Spiteri, Chiara Biz, Mauro Fianchini, Bernard A. Boukamp, Guus Rijnders, Kees Flipse, Jose Gracia, Guido Mul, Hans Hilgenkamp, Robert J. Green, Gertjan Koster, Christoph Baeumer
To reach a long term viable green hydrogen economy, rational design of active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is critical. An important hurdle in this reaction originates from the fact that the reactants are singlet molecules, whereas the oxygen molecule has a triplet ground state with parallel spin alignment, implying that magnetic order in the catalyst is essential. Accordingly, multiple
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Carrier-doping-driven insulator-metal transition in disordered materials for memristive switching with high uniformity Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Ke Chang, Renzhi Wang, Xinhui Zhao, Anhua Dong, Peng Bao, Zhuyikang Zhao, Hui Wang
Attaining highly uniform operations in a disordered system presents a persistent challenge. The utilization of ion migration in amorphous materials to trigger the resistive switching process of the material usually results in inferior uniformity of the memristive device. Here, we demonstrate that the resistive switching behavior can be activated through carrier doping in the disorder system, and highly
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Quantum interference effects in a 3D topological insulator with high-temperature bulk-insulating behavior Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Weiyao Zhao, Kaijian Xing, Lei Chen, Thi-Hai-Yen Vu, Golrokh Akhgar, Yahua He, Abdulhakim Bake, Xiaolin Wang, Julie Karel
The Bi2Se3-family of 3D topological insulators (3DTI) exhibit insulating bulk states and surface states presenting a Dirac cone. At low temperatures, the conduction channels through the bulk of the material are fully gapped, making 3DTIs perfect systems to study the 2D transport behavior of Dirac fermions. Here, we report a 3DTI Bi1.1Sb0.9STe2 with a reduced level of defects, and thus, high-temperature
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High-mobility wide bandgap amorphous gallium oxide thin-film transistors for NMOS inverters Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Yong Zhang, Chi-Hsin Huang, Kenji Nomura
Wide bandgap gallium oxide thin-film transistor (TFT) is promising for next-generation sustainable energy-efficient power electronics. In particular, amorphous oxide channel exhibits inherent advantages on mass productions based on a low-temperature processability compatible with cost-effective large-sized glass. Here, we developed hydrogen defect termination to produce amorphous-GaOx (a-GaOx) channel
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The birth of zinc anode-based electrochromic devices Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Jingwei Chen, Bing Xu, Yingxin Zhang, Wu Zhang, Huanlei Wang, Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi, Linhua Liu, William W. Yu, Haizeng Li
Since the discovery of electrochemical coloration phenomenon, electrochromic devices capable of monitoring transmittance, reflectance, and absorption at designated wavelengths have embraced great achievements. The marriage of electrochemistry and optical modulation has infused fascinating properties in electrochromic devices, which find applications in thermal management, display, smart windows, and
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Customizing polymeric binders for advanced lithium batteries: Design principles and beyond Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Jieun Kang, Jin Yong Kwon, Dong-Yeob Han, Soojin Park, Jaegeon Ryu
As society strides toward a sustainable future powered by lithium-ion batteries, the integral role of polymeric binders becomes increasingly evident. Historically serving as a film former and chemical adhesive that amalgamates the active host materials and conductive carbon in battery electrodes, their role has been redefined with the advent of innovative battery systems and host materials. These emerging
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Designing workflows for materials characterization Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Sergei V. Kalinin, Maxim Ziatdinov, Mahshid Ahmadi, Ayana Ghosh, Kevin Roccapriore, Yongtao Liu, Rama K. Vasudevan
Experimental science is enabled by the combination of synthesis, imaging, and functional characterization organized into evolving discovery loop. Synthesis of new material is typically followed by a set of characterization steps aiming to provide feedback for optimization or discover fundamental mechanisms. However, the sequence of synthesis and characterization methods and their interpretation, or
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A comparison of current analytical methods for detecting particulate matter and micro/nanoplastics Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Chloe Thomas, Togzhan Spatayeva, Dawon Yu, Andrew Loh, Un Hyuk Yim, Jeong-Yeol Yoon
Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) are increasingly found in all realms of the world, including water and soil. Now, there is growing concern over this type of pollution in the air. Many well-established techniques exist for detecting particulate matter (PM) in the air. They are low-cost and handheld, and some of them even allow direct detection from the air. While various MNP detection methods have been
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Cross-linking polymerization and carbonization of biomass chlorophyll for carbon dot-based electroluminescent devices with ultra-narrow-emission Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Qi Dang, Biao Zhao, Mengyun Zheng, Chengyang Zhang, Runnan Yu, Songnan Qu, Haoran Jia, Zhan'ao Tan
Exploiting narrow-bandwidth-emission fluorescent materials is crucial for next-generation wide-color gamut displays. Inspired by the narrow-bandwidth-emission characteristic of chlorophyll derivates, the present work develops a facile strategy to synthesize a series of red-emitting chlorophyll-structured CDs (CHL-CDs) with ultra-high color purity and good carrier mobility from different traditional
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Cooperative near- and far-field thermal management via diffusive superimposed dipoles Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Pengfei Zhuang, Xinchen Zhou, Liujun Xu, Jiping Huang
Active metadevices with external excitations exhibit significant potential for advanced heat regulation. Nonetheless, conventional inputs, like heating/cooling and introducing convection by rotating plate, display inherent limitations. One is the only focus on far-field control to eliminate temperature distortion in the background while neglecting near-field regulation in the functional region. Another
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The quest for harnessing nuclear effects in graphene-based devices Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 V. Strenzke, M. Prada, J. M. J. Lopes, L. Tiemann, R. H. Blick
The recent successes of superconducting qubits and the demonstration of quantum supremacy over classical bits herald a new era for information processing. Yet, the field is still in its infancy and there exist viable alternative candidates that can also store quantum information. In this review, we will highlight ideas, attempts, and the experimental progress to address nuclear spins in graphene, a
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Charge carrier trapping management in Bi3+ and lanthanides doped Li(Sc,Lu)GeO4 for x-ray imaging, anti-counterfeiting, and force recording Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Tianshuai Lyu, Pieter Dorenbos
Discovering energy storage materials with rationally controlled trapping and de-trapping of electrons and holes upon x-rays, UV-light, or mechanical force stimulation is challenging. Such materials enable promising applications in various fields, for instance in multimode anti-counterfeiting, x-ray imaging, and non-real-time force recording. In this work, photoluminescence spectroscopy, the refined
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Current status and challenges for hole-selective poly-silicon based passivating contacts Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-11 Rabin Basnet, Di Yan, Di Kang, Mohamed M. Shehata, Pheng Phang, Thien Truong, James Bullock, Heping Shen, Daniel Macdonald
Doped polysilicon (poly-Si) passivating contacts have emerged as a key technology for the next generation of silicon solar cells in mass production, owing to their excellent performance and high compatibility with the existing passivated emitter and rear cell technology. However, the current solar cell architecture based on a rear-side electron-selective (n+) poly-Si contact is also approaching its
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Electrostatically formed nanowire (EFN) transistor—An ultrasensitive VOC and gas sensor Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-11 Anwesha Mukherjee, Idan Shem Tov, Yossi Rosenwaks
The perpetual need for high-performance volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors remains prevalent across diverse sectors including environmental health monitoring, industrial operations, and medical diagnostics. Within this context, the electrostatically formed nanowire (EFN) sensor, a silicon-on-insulator-based multiple-gate field-effect transistor, is an ultrasensitive and selective VOC and gas sensing
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Sliding-mediated ferroelectric phase transition in CuInP2S6 under pressure Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-11 Zhou Zhou, Jun-Jie Zhang, Gemma F. Turner, Stephen A. Moggach, Yulia Lekina, Samuel Morris, Shun Wang, Yiqi Hu, Qiankun Li, Jinshuo Xue, Zhijian Feng, Qingyu Yan, Yuyan Weng, Bin Xu, Yong Fang, Ze Xiang Shen, Liang Fang, Shuai Dong, Lu You
Interlayer stacking order has recently emerged as a unique degree of freedom to control crystal symmetry and physical properties in two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) materials and heterostructures. By tuning the layer stacking pattern, symmetry-breaking and electric polarization can be created in otherwise non-polar crystals, whose polarization reversal depends on the interlayer sliding motion. Herein
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Strain-controlled oxygen vacancy for robust ferroelectric BiSmFe2O6- δ double-perovskite epitaxial thin films Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Jie Tu, Yue-Wen Fang, Yue Lu, Hangren Li, Guoqiang Xi, Jiaqi Ding, Xudong Liu, Xiuqiao Liu, Qianqian Yang, Jianjun Tian, Linxing Zhang
Strain engineering is an important method to control the structure and properties of functional thin films. Here, a new method to induce chemical strain through controllable substrate strain is proposed, which was first applied to double-perovskite thin films. We significantly improved the ferroelectricity of BiSmFe2O6-δ double-perovskite thin films to ∼4.80 μC/cm2, approximately improved six times
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Single-photon extraction via spatial topological transition Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Zijian Qin, Lian Shen, Mikhail Shalaginov, Huaping Wang, Hongsheng Chen, Xiao Lin
Scalable integrated single-photon sources are critical for quantum photonics and can enable applications such as high-speed quantum communication and quantum information processing. Ideally, to establish a scalable platform, such single-photon sources require emission speed-up and efficient extraction in a single architecture, especially for extremely large extraction decay rates. However, this goal
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Programmable integrated photonic coherent matrix: Principle, configuring, and applications Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Bo Wu, Hailong Zhou, Jianji Dong, Xinliang Zhang
Every multi-input multi-output linear optical system can be deemed as a matrix multiplier that carries out a desired transformation on the input optical information, such as imaging, modulation, and computing. The strong programmability of the optical matrix has been explored and proved to be able to bring more flexibility and greater possibilities to the applications such as optical signal processing
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Grain boundaries in polycrystalline materials for energy applications: First principles modeling and electron microscopy Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 J. Quirk, M. Rothmann, W. Li, D. Abou-Ras, K. P. McKenna
Polycrystalline materials are ubiquitous in technology, and grain boundaries have long been known to affect materials properties and performance. First principles materials modeling and electron microscopy methods are powerful and highly complementary for investigating the atomic scale structure and properties of grain boundaries. In this review, we provide an introduction to key concepts and approaches
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Metal anodes meet ionic liquids: An interfacial perspective Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Rabia Jamil, Suraj Loomba, Mega Kar, Gavin E. Collis, Debbie S. Silvester, Nasir Mahmood
Ionic liquids (ILs) are nonvolatile, intrinsically conductive electrolytes with high thermal and electrochemical stability. They represent a fascinating yet-to-be-fully exploited electrolyte class that could be appropriate for metal anode batteries. Through their chemical design and structure modification, ILs are highly tunable electrolytes. Exploring the impact of their different structures on the
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In situ cryptography in a neuromorphic vision sensor based on light-driven memristors Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Lingxiang Hu, Jiale Shao, Jingrui Wang, Peihong Cheng, Li Zhang, Yang Chai, Zhizhen Ye, Fei Zhuge
Vision sensors are becoming increasingly ubiquitous, and they continuously collect, store, communicate, and process vast amount of sensitive data that are vulnerable to being stolen and misused. Existing cryptosystems based on complex cipher algorithms generally require extensive computational resources, making them difficult to use in vision sensors that have limited processing capabilities. Here
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Strain-enhanced dynamic ranges in two-dimensional MoS2 and MoTe2 nanomechanical resonators Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 15.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Pengcheng Zhang, Yueyang Jia, Zuheng Liu, Rui Yang
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are promising for atomic-scale, ultralow-power, and highly tunable resonant nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) in sensing, communications, and computing. Toward these applications, a broad and controllable linear dynamic range (DR) is desirable for increasing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and reliability. Here, we develop a comprehensive strain-enhanced DR model for