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Mapping the social memory network Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 34.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Maria Papatriantafyllou
Social memory enables animals to recognize familiar conspecifics and determines behaviours that are crucial for survival. Wang et al. now describe a neural circuit in mice that links the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) to social memory. Neuroanatomical and functional tracing identified cells of the parafascicular thalamic nucleus (PF) as the main postsynaptic targets of sTRNPvalb, and glutamatergic
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The speech neuroprosthesis Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 34.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Alexander B. Silva, Kaylo T. Littlejohn, Jessie R. Liu, David A. Moses, Edward F. Chang
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Single-value brain activity scores reflect both severity and risk across the Alzheimer’s continuum Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Joram Soch, Anni Richter, Jasmin M Kizilirmak, Hartmut Schütze, Gabriel Ziegler, Slawek Altenstein, Frederic Brosseron, Peter Dechent, Klaus Fliessbach, Silka Dawn Freiesleben, Wenzel Glanz, Daria Gref, Michael T Heneka, Stefan Hetzer, Enise I Incesoy, Ingo Kilimann, Okka Kimmich, Luca Kleineidam, Elizabeth Kuhn, Christoph Laske, Andrea Lohse, Falk Lüsebrink, Matthias H Munk, Oliver Peters, Lukas Preis
Single-value scores reflecting the deviation from (FADE score) or similarity with (SAME score) prototypical novelty-related and memory-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation patterns in young adults have been proposed as imaging biomarkers of healthy neurocognitive aging. Here, we tested the utility of these scores as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers in Alzheimer’s
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Blood–CSF barrier integrity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Veronika Klose, Sarah Jesse, Jan Lewerenz, Jan Kassubek, Johannes Dorst, Angela Rosenbohm, Gabriele Nagel, Deborah Wernecke, Francesco Roselli, Hayrettin Tumani, Albert C Ludolph
The integrity of the blood-CSF barrier plays a major role in inflammation, but also in shielding the central nervous system from external and systemic – potentially toxic – factors. Here we report results of measurements of the albumin quotient – which is thought to mirror the integrity of the blood/CSF barrier - in 1059 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. The results were compared with groups
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High frequency oscillations in human memory and cognition: a neurophysiological substrate of engrams? Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Michal T Kucewicz, Jan Cimbalnik, Jesus S S Garcia, Milan Brazdil, Gregory A Worrell
Despite advances in understanding the cellular and molecular processes underlying memory and cognition, and recent successful modulation of cognitive performance in brain disorders, the neurophysiological mechanisms remain underexplored. High frequency oscillations beyond the classic electroencephalogram spectrum have emerged as a potential neural correlate of fundamental cognitive processes. High
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PMP22 duplication dysregulates lipid homeostasis and plasma membrane organization in developing human Schwann cells Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Robert Prior, Alessio Silva, Tim Vangansewinkel, Jakub Idkowiak, Arun Kumar Tharkeshwar, Tom P Hellings, Iliana Michailidou, Jeroen Vreijling, Maarten Loos, Bastijn Koopmans, Nina Vlek, Cedrick Agaser, Thomas B Kuipers, Christine Michiels, Elisabeth Rossaert, Stijn Verschoren, Wendy Vermeire, Vincent de Laat, Jonas Dehairs, Kristel Eggermont, Diede van den Biggelaar, Adekunle T Bademosi, Frederic A
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) is the most common inherited peripheral neuropathy caused by a 1.5 megabase tandem duplication of chromosome 17 harboring the PMP22 gene. This dose-dependent overexpression of PMP22 results in disrupted Schwann cell myelination of peripheral nerves. To get better insights into the underlying pathogenic mechanisms in CMT1A, we investigated the role of PMP22
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A mutation in the PRKAR1B gene drives pathological mechanisms of neurodegeneration across species Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Tal Benjamin-Zukerman, Gilat Shimon, Marie E Gaine, Anwar Dakwar, Netta Peled, Mohammad Aboraya, Ashar Masri-Ismail, Rania Safadi-Safa, Meir Solomon, Varda Lev-Ram, Robert A Rissman, Johanna E Mayrhofer, Andrea Raffeiner, Merel O Mol, Benney M R Argue, Shaylah McCool, Binh Doan, John van Swieten, Eduard Stefan, Ted Abel, Ronit Ilouz
Protein Kinase A (PKA) neuronal function is controlled by the interaction of a regulatory (R) subunit dimer to two catalytic (C) subunits. Recently, the L50R variant in the gene encoding the RIβ subunit was identified in individuals with a novel neurodegenerative disease. However, the mechanisms driving the disease phenotype remained unknown. In this study, we generated a mouse model carrying the RIβ-L50R
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Brain clearance is reduced during sleep and anesthesia Nat. Neurosci. (IF 25.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Andawei Miao, Tianyuan Luo, Bryan Hsieh, Christopher J. Edge, Morgan Gridley, Ryan Tak Chun Wong, Timothy G. Constandinou, William Wisden, Nicholas P. Franks
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Cognitive representations of intracranial self-stimulation of midbrain dopamine neurons depend on stimulation frequency Nat. Neurosci. (IF 25.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Samuel J. Millard, Ivy B. Hoang, Savannah Sherwood, Masakazu Taira, Vanessa Reyes, Zara Greer, Shayna L. O’Connor, Kate M. Wassum, Morgan H. James, David J. Barker, Melissa J. Sharpe
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The subcommissural organ regulates brain development via secreted peptides Nat. Neurosci. (IF 25.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Tingting Zhang, Daosheng Ai, Pingli Wei, Ying Xu, Zhanying Bi, Fengfei Ma, Fengzhi Li, Xing-jun Chen, Zhaohuan Zhang, Xiaoxiao Zou, Zongpei Guo, Yue Zhao, Jun-Liszt Li, Meng Ye, Ziyan Feng, Xinshuang Zhang, Lijun Zheng, Jie Yu, Chunli Li, Tianqi Tu, Hongkui Zeng, Jianfeng Lei, Hongqi Zhang, Tao Hong, Li Zhang, Benyan Luo, Zhen Li, Chao Xing, Chenxi Jia, Lingjun Li, Wenzhi Sun, Woo-ping Ge
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Mitigation of TDP-43 toxic phenotype by an RGNEF fragment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis models Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Cristian A Droppelmann, Danae Campos-Melo, Veronica Noches, Crystal McLellan, Robert Szabla, Taylor A Lyons, Hind Amzil, Benjamin Withers, Brianna Kaplanis, Kirti S Sonkar, Anne Simon, Emanuele Buratti, Murray Junop, Jamie M Kramer, Michael J Strong
Aggregation of the RNA-binding protein TAR DNA binding protein (TDP-43) is a hallmark of TDP-proteinopathies including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). As TDP-43 aggregation and dysregulation are causative of neuronal death, there is a special interest in targeting this protein as a therapeutic approach. Previously, we found that TDP-43 extensively co-aggregated
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Neuropathy target esterase activity defines phenotypes among PNPLA6 disorders Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 James Liu, Yi He, Cara Lwin, Marina Han, Bin Guan, Amelia Naik, Chelsea Bender, Nia Moore, Laryssa A Huryn, Yuri V Sergeev, Haohua Qian, Yong Zeng, Lijin Dong, Pinghu Liu, Jingqi Lei, Carl J Haugen, Lev Prasov, Ruifang Shi, Hélène Dollfus, Petros Aristodemou, Yannik Laich, Andrea H Németh, John Taylor, Susan Downes, Maciej R Krawczynski, Isabelle Meunier, Melissa Strassberg, Jessica Tenney, Josephine
Biallelic pathogenic variants in the PNPLA6 gene cause a broad spectrum of disorders leading to gait disturbance, visual impairment, anterior hypopituitarism and hair anomalies. PNPLA6 encodes neuropathy target esterase (NTE), yet the role of NTE dysfunction on affected tissues in the large spectrum of associated disease remains unclear. We present a systematic evidence-based review of a novel cohort
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Low-intensity ultrasound ameliorates brain organoid integration and rescues microcephaly deficits Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Xiao-Hong Li, Di Guo, Li-Qun Chen, Zhe-Han Chang, Jian-Xin Shi, Nan Hu, Chong Chen, Xiao-Wang Zhang, Shuang-Qing Bao, Meng-Meng Chen, Dong Ming
Human brain organoids represent a remarkable platform for modeling neurological disorders and a promising brain repair approach. However, the effects of physical stimulation on their development and integration remain unclear. Here, we report that low-intensity ultrasound significantly increases neural progenitor cell proliferation and neuronal maturation in cortical organoids. Histological assays
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Big data for everyone Nat. Neurosci. (IF 25.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Henrietta Howells
Raw neuroimaging data require further processing before they can be used for scientific or clinical research. Traditionally, this could be accomplished with a single powerful computer. However, much greater computing power is required to analyze the large open-access cohorts that are increasingly being released to the community. And processing pipelines are inconsistently scripted, which can hinder
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A neuronally balanced diet Nat. Neurosci. (IF 25.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 George Andrew S. Inglis
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is known for its role in reward processing or motivation, but more recently it has also been linked to altered eating behaviors in disorders such as anorexia nervosa. In a study published in Nature Communications, Walle et al. investigated the subtype-specific roles of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the NAc in mouse feeding behaviors. The authors chemogenetically manipulated
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Including tau inclusions Nat. Neurosci. (IF 25.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Rebecca Wright
Neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPSCs) hold great potential for unravelling the pathological mechanisms underlying neurological diseases. However, when it comes to tauopathies, hIPSC models are limited by their low expression of 4R tau and difficulty in reproducing the characteristic pathological tau protein inclusions. In a study published in Cell, Parra Bravo, Giani et
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Targeting excitatory:inhibitory network imbalance in Alzheimer’s disease Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-10 David Blum, Sabine Levi
This scientific commentary refers to ‘Seizures exacerbate excitatory: inhibitory imbalance in Alzheimer’s disease and 5XFAD mice’ by Barbour et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awae126).
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Developmentally Unique Cerebellar Processing Prioritizes Self- over Other-Generated Movements J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Angela M. Richardson, Greta Sokoloff, Mark S. Blumberg
Animals must distinguish the sensory consequences of self-generated movements (reafference) from those of other-generated movements (exafference). Only self-generated movements entail the production of motor copies (i.e., corollary discharges), which are compared with reafference in the cerebellum to compute predictive or internal models of movement. Internal models emerge gradually over the first
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Dopamine D2 Receptor Modulates Exercise Related Effect on Cortical Excitation/Inhibition and Motor Skill Acquisition J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Dylan Curtin, Eleanor M. Taylor, Mark A. Bellgrove, Trevor T-J. Chong, James P. Coxon
Exercise is known to benefit motor skill learning in health and neurological disease. Evidence from brain stimulation, genotyping, and Parkinson's disease studies converge to suggest that the dopamine D2 receptor, and shifts in the cortical excitation and inhibition (E:I) balance, are prime candidates for the drivers of exercise-enhanced motor learning. However, causal evidence using experimental pharmacological
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Iron Deposition and Distribution Across the Hippocampus Is Associated with Pattern Separation and Pattern Completion in Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Jing Zhou, Alfie Wearn, Julia Huck, Colleen Hughes, Giulia Baracchini, Jennifer Tremblay-Mercier, Judes Poirier, Sylvia Villeneuve, Christine Lucas Tardif, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Ana M. Daugherty, Claudine J. Gauthier, Gary R. Turner, R. Nathan Spreng, PREVENT-AD Research Group
Elevated iron deposition in the brain has been observed in older adult humans and persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and has been associated with lower cognitive performance. We investigated the impact of iron deposition, and its topographical distribution across hippocampal subfields and segments (anterior, posterior) measured along its longitudinal axis, on episodic memory in a sample of cognitively
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Visual Corticotectal Neurons in Awake Rabbits: Receptive Fields and Driving Monosynaptic Thalamocortical Inputs J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Chuyi Su, Rosangela F. Mendes-Platt, Jose-Manuel Alonso, Harvey A. Swadlow, Yulia Bereshpolova
The superior colliculus receives powerful synaptic inputs from corticotectal neurons in the visual cortex. The function of these corticotectal neurons remains largely unknown due to a limited understanding of their response properties and connectivity. Here, we use antidromic methods to identify corticotectal neurons in awake male and female rabbits, and measure their axonal conduction times, thalamic
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Double Dissociation of Spontaneous Alpha-Band Activity and Pupil-Linked Arousal on Additive and Multiplicative Perceptual Gain J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 April Pilipenko, Jason Samaha
Perception is a probabilistic process dependent on external stimulus properties and one's internal state. However, which internal states influence perception and via what mechanisms remain debated. We studied how spontaneous alpha-band activity (8–13 Hz) and pupil fluctuations impact visual detection and confidence across stimulus contrast levels (i.e., the contrast response function, CRF). In human
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Deletion of the Clock Gene Bmal2 Leads to Alterations in Hypothalamic Clocks, Circadian Regulation of Feeding, and Energy Balance J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Rosana Dantas-Ferreira, Dominique Ciocca, Patrick Vuillez, Stéphanie Dumont, Christian Boitard, Ute C. Rogner, Etienne Challet
BMAL2 (ARNTL2) is a paralog of BMAL1 that can form heterodimers with the other circadian factors CLOCK and NPAS2 to activate transcription of clock and clock-controlled genes. To assess a possible role of Bmal2 in the circadian regulation of metabolism, we investigated daily variations of energy metabolism, feeding behavior, and locomotor behavior, as well as ability to anticipate restricted food access
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TRPM2 and CaMKII Signaling Drives Excessive GABAergic Synaptic Inhibition Following Ischemia J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Amelia M. Burch, Joshua D. Garcia, Heather O’Leary, Ami Haas, James E. Orfila, Erika Tiemeier, Nicholas Chalmers, Katharine R. Smith, Nidia Quillinan, Paco S. Herson
Excitotoxicity and the concurrent loss of inhibition are well-defined mechanisms driving acute elevation in excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance and neuronal cell death following an ischemic insult to the brain. Despite the high prevalence of long-term disability in survivors of global cerebral ischemia (GCI) as a consequence of cardiac arrest, it remains unclear whether E/I imbalance persists beyond
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Basic Properties of Coordinated Neuronal Ensembles in the Auditory Thalamus J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Congcong Hu, Andrea R. Hasenstaub, Christoph E. Schreiner
Coordinated neuronal activity has been identified to play an important role in information processing and transmission in the brain. However, current research predominantly focuses on understanding the properties and functions of neuronal coordination in hippocampal and cortical areas, leaving subcortical regions relatively unexplored. In this study, we use single-unit recordings in female Sprague
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Spinal Glycine Receptor Alpha 3 Cells Communicate Sensations of Chemical Itch in Hairy Skin J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Hannah M. Weman, Mikaela M. Ceder, Aikeremu Ahemaiti, Kajsa A. Magnusson, Katharina Henriksson, Linn Andréasson, Malin C. Lagerström
Glycinergic neurons regulate nociceptive and pruriceptive signaling in the spinal cord, but the identity and role of the glycine-regulated neurons are not fully known. Herein, we have characterized spinal glycine receptor alpha 3 (Glra3) subunit-expressing neurons in Glra3-Cre female and male mice. Glra3-Cre(+) neurons express Glra3, are located mainly in laminae III–VI, and respond to glycine. Chemogenetic
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The Intellectual Disability Risk Gene Kdm5b Regulates Long-Term Memory Consolidation in the Hippocampus J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Leticia Pérez-Sisqués, Shail U. Bhatt, Rugile Matuleviciute, Talia E. Gileadi, Eniko Kramar, Andrew Graham, Franklin G. Garcia, Ashley Keiser, Dina P. Matheos, James A. Cain, Alan M. Pittman, Laura C. Andreae, Cathy Fernandes, Marcelo A. Wood, K. Peter Giese, M. Albert Basson
The histone lysine demethylase KDM5B is implicated in recessive intellectual disability disorders, and heterozygous, protein-truncating variants in KDM5B are associated with reduced cognitive function in the population. The KDM5 family of lysine demethylases has developmental and homeostatic functions in the brain, some of which appear to be independent of lysine demethylase activity. To determine
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A Neural Decision Signal during Internal Sampling from Working Memory in Humans J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Freek van Ede, Anna C. Nobre
How humans transform sensory information into decisions that steer purposeful behavior is a central question in psychology and neuroscience that is traditionally investigated during the sampling of external environmental signals. The decision-making framework of gradual information sampling toward a decision has also been proposed to apply when sampling internal sensory evidence from working memory
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Balancing the Senses: Electrophysiological Responses Reveal the Interplay between Somatosensory and Visual Processing During Body-Related Multisensory Conflict J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Alice Rossi Sebastiano, Karol Poles, Stefano Gualtiero, Marcella Romeo, Mattia Galigani, Valentina Bruno, Carlotta Fossataro, Francesca Garbarini
In the study of bodily awareness, the predictive coding theory has revealed that our brain continuously modulates sensory experiences to integrate them into a unitary body representation. Indeed, during multisensory illusions (e.g., the rubber hand illusion, RHI), the synchronous stroking of the participant’s concealed hand and a fake visible one creates a visuotactile conflict, generating a prediction
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Rare GPR37L1 Variants Reveal Potential Association between GPR37L1 and Disorders of Anxiety and Migraine J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Gerda E. Breitwieser, Andrea Cippitelli, Yingcai Wang, Oliver Pelletier, Ridge Dershem, Jianning Wei, Lawrence Toll, Bianca Fakhoury, Gloria Brunori, Raghu Metpally, David J. Carey, the Regeneron Genetics Center, Janet Robishaw
GPR37L1 is an orphan receptor that couples through heterotrimeric G-proteins to regulate physiological functions. Since its role in humans is not fully defined, we used an unbiased computational approach to assess the clinical significance of rare G-protein-coupled receptor 37-like 1 (GPR37L1) genetic variants found among 51,289 whole-exome sequences from the DiscovEHR cohort. Rare GPR37L1 coding variants
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Visual Deprivation during Mouse Critical Period Reorganizes Network-Level Functional Connectivity J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Siyu Chen, Rachel M. Rahn, Annie R. Bice, Seana H. Bice, Jonah A. Padawer-Curry, Keith B. Hengen, Joseph D. Dougherty, Joseph P. Culver
A classic example of experience-dependent plasticity is ocular dominance (OD) shift, in which the responsiveness of neurons in the visual cortex is profoundly altered following monocular deprivation (MD). It has been postulated that OD shifts also modify global neural networks, but such effects have never been demonstrated. Here, we use wide-field fluorescence optical imaging (WFOI) to characterize
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Unravelling nature and nurture in cortical (re)organization Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 34.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Tina T. Liu
In this Journal Club, Tina Liu describes a 1988 paper that revealed the capacity of the sensory cortex for functional reorganization
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Transient brain structure changes after high phenylalanine exposure in adults with phenylketonuria Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Raphaela Muri, Christian Rummel, Richard McKinley, Michael Rebsamen, Stephanie Maissen-Abgottspon, Roland Kreis, Piotr Radojewski, Katarzyna Pospieszny, Michel Hochuli, Roland Wiest, Roman Trepp, Regula Everts
Phenylketonuria is a rare metabolic disease resulting from a deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Recent cross-sectional evidence suggests that early-treated adults with phenylketonuria exhibit alterations in cortical grey matter compared to healthy peers. However, the effects of high phenylalanine exposure on brain structure in adulthood need to be further elucidated. In this double-blind
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Remapping revisited: how the hippocampus represents different spaces Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 34.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 André A. Fenton
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Targeting pathological cells with senolytic drugs reduces seizures in neurodevelopmental mTOR-related epilepsy Nat. Neurosci. (IF 25.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Théo Ribierre, Alexandre Bacq, Florian Donneger, Marion Doladilhe, Marina Maletic, Delphine Roussel, Isabelle Le Roux, Francine Chassoux, Bertrand Devaux, Homa Adle-Biassette, Sarah Ferrand-Sorbets, Georg Dorfmüller, Mathilde Chipaux, Sara Baldassari, Jean-Christophe Poncer, Stéphanie Baulac
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Dimensionality reduction beyond neural subspaces with slice tensor component analysis Nat. Neurosci. (IF 25.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Arthur Pellegrino, Heike Stein, N. Alex Cayco-Gajic
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Meso-cortical pathway damage in cognition, apathy and gait in cerebral small vessel disease Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Hao Li, Mina A Jacob, Mengfei Cai, Roy P C Kessels, David G Norris, Marco Duering, Frank-Erik de Leeuw, Anil M Tuladhar
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is known to contribute to cognitive impairment, apathy, and gait dysfunction. Although associations between cognitive impairment and either apathy or gait dysfunction have been shown in SVD, the inter-relations among these three clinical features and their potential common neural basis remains unexplored. The dopaminergic meso-cortical and meso-limbic pathways have
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Hippocampal aggregation signatures of pathogenic UBQLN2 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Kyrah M Thumbadoo, Birger V Dieriks, Helen C Murray, Molly E V Swanson, Ji Hun Yoo, Nasim F Mehrabi, Clinton Turner, Michael Dragunow, Richard L M Faull, Maurice A Curtis, Teepu Siddique, Christopher E Shaw, Kathy L Newell, Lyndal Henden, Kelly L Williams, Garth A Nicholson, Emma L Scotter
Pathogenic variants in the UBQLN2 gene cause X-linked dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and/or frontotemporal dementia characterised by ubiquilin 2 aggregates in neurons of the motor cortex, hippocampus, and spinal cord. However, ubiquilin 2 neuropathology is also seen in sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and/or frontotemporal dementia cases not caused by UBQLN2 pathogenic variants
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Psilocybin reduces alcohol self-administration via selective left nucleus accumbens activation in rats Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Jérôme Jeanblanc, Romain Bordy, Grégory Fouquet, Virginie Jeanblanc, Mickaël Naassila
The use of psilocybin to treat alcohol use disorder is very promising, but the mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. We combined behavioral, pharmacological and gene expression analyses to decipher the mechanisms of action of psilocybin, for the first time injected into the brain. Male Long Evans rats underwent chronic operant ethanol self-administration before testing the effect of intraperitoneal
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The brain's arbitration system and obsessional compulsive disorder Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Trevor W Robbins
This scientific commentary relates to ‘Neurocomputational model of compulsivity: deviating from an uncertain goal-directed system’ by Kim et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awae102).
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Distinct virtual histology of grey matter atrophy in four neuroinflammatory diseases Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-03 Jun Sun, Min Guo, Li Chai, Siyao Xu, Yuerong Lizhu, Yuna Li, Yunyun Duan, Xiaolu Xu, Shan Lv, Jinyuan Weng, Kuncheng Li, Fuqing Zhou, Haiqing Li, Yongmei Li, Xuemei Han, Fu-Dong Shi, Xinghu Zhang, Decai Tian, Zhizheng Zhuo, Yaou Liu
Gray matter (GM) atrophies were observed in multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (both anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive [AQP4+], and -negative [AQP4-] subtypes NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). Revealing the pathogenesis of brain atrophy in these disorders would help their differential diagnosis and guide therapeutic strategies
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Connectome reorganization associated with temporal lobe pathology and its surgical resection Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-03 Sara Larivière, Bo-yong Park, Jessica Royer, Jordan DeKraker, Alexander Ngo, Ella Sahlas, Judy Chen, Raúl Rodríguez-Cruces, Yifei Weng, Birgit Frauscher, Ruoting Liu, Zhengge Wang, Golia Shafiei, Bratislav Mišić, Andrea Bernasconi, Neda Bernasconi, Michael D Fox, Zhiqiang Zhang, Boris C Bernhardt
Network neuroscience offers a unique framework to understand the organizational principles of the human brain. Despite recent progress, our understanding of how the brain is modulated by focal lesions remains incomplete. Resection of the temporal lobe is the most effective treatment to control seizures in pharmaco-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), making this syndrome a powerful model to study
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Stress drives seeking of starvation Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 34.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Katherine Whalley
A subset of female mice that show anxiety-related traits seek out a starvation-like state when exposed to repeated stress
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Hippocampal excitation-inhibition balance underlies the 5-HT2C receptor in modulating depressive behaviours Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Hu-Jiang Shi, Yi-Ren Xue, Hua Shao, Cheng Wei, Ting Liu, Jie He, Yu-Hao Yang, Hong-Mei Wang, Na Li, Si-Qiang Ren, Lei Chang, Zhen Wang, Li-Juan Zhu
The implication of 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor (5-HT2CR) in depression is a topic of debate, and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. We now elucidate hippocampal excitation-inhibition (E/I) balance underlies the regulatory effects of 5-HT2CR in depression. Molecular biological analyses showed that chronic mild stress (CMS) reduced the expression of 5-HT2CR in hippocampus. We revealed
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Congenital myasthenic syndromes in adults: clinical features, diagnosis and long-term prognosis Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Julian Theuriet, Marion Masingue, Anthony Behin, Ana Ferreiro, Guillaume Bassez, Pauline Jaubert, Oriana Tarabay, Frédéric Fer, Antoine Pegat, Françoise Bouhour, Juliette Svahn, Philippe Petiot, Laurentiu Jomir, Guy Chauplannaz, Catherine Cornut-Chauvinc, Véronique Manel, Emmanuelle Salort-Campana, Shahram Attarian, Etienne Fortanier, Annie Verschueren, Ludivine Kouton, Jean-Philippe Camdessanché,
Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous diseases caused by mutations affecting neuromuscular transmission. Even if the first symptoms mainly occur during childhood, adult neurologists must confront this challenging diagnosis and manage these patients throughout their adulthood. However, long-term follow-up data from large cohorts of CMS patients are lacking
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Distinct ultrastructural phenotypes of glial and neuronal alpha-synuclein inclusions in multiple system atrophy Brain (IF 14.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Carolin Böing, Marta Di Fabrizio, Domenic Burger, John G J M Bol, Evelien Huisman, Annemieke J M Rozemuller, Wilma D J van de Berg, Henning Stahlberg, Amanda J Lewis
Multiple System Atrophy is characterized pathologically by the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) into glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs). The mechanism underlying the formation of GCIs is not well understood. In this study, correlative light and electron microscopy was employed to investigate aSyn pathology in the substantia nigra and putamen of post-mortem multiple system atrophy brain donors
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Dissociable Contributions of the Medial Parietal Cortex to Recognition Memory J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Seth R. Koslov, Joseph W. Kable, Brett L. Foster
Human neuroimaging studies of episodic memory retrieval routinely observe the engagement of specific cortical regions beyond the medial temporal lobe. Of these, medial parietal cortex (MPC) is of particular interest given its distinct functional characteristics during different retrieval tasks. Specifically, while recognition and autobiographical recall tasks are both used to probe episodic retrieval
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KSR1 Knockout Mouse Model Demonstrates MAPK Pathways Key Role in Cisplatin- and Noise-induced Hearing Loss J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Matthew A. Ingersoll, Richard D. Lutze, Regina G. Kelmann, Daniel F. Kresock, Jordan D. Marsh, Rene V. Quevedo, Jian Zuo, Tal Teitz
Hearing loss is a major disability in everyday life and therapeutic interventions to protect hearing would benefit a large portion of the world population. Here we found that mice devoid of the protein kinase suppressor of RAS 1 (KSR1) in their tissues (germline KO mice) exhibit resistance to both cisplatin- and noise-induced permanent hearing loss compared with their wild-type KSR1 littermates. KSR1
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Calibrating Bayesian Decoders of Neural Spiking Activity J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Ganchao Wei (魏赣超), Zeinab Tajik Mansouri (زینب تاجیک منصوری), Xiaojing Wang (王晓婧), Ian H. Stevenson
Accurately decoding external variables from observations of neural activity is a major challenge in systems neuroscience. Bayesian decoders, which provide probabilistic estimates, are some of the most widely used. Here we show how, in many common settings, the probabilistic predictions made by traditional Bayesian decoders are overconfident. That is, the estimates for the decoded stimulus or movement
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Pupillary Responses Reflect Dynamic Changes in Multiple Cognitive Factors During Associative Learning in Primates J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Yange Zhang (张艳歌), Tian Wang (王天), Weifeng Dai (戴伟枫), Yang Li (李洋), Yi Yang (杨祎), Yujie Wu (武宇洁), Jiancao Huang (黄见操), Tingting Zhou (周婷婷), Dajun Xing (邢大军)
Associative learning involves complex interactions of multiple cognitive factors. While adult subjects can articulate these factors verbally, for model animals such as macaques, we rely on behavioral outputs. In our study, we used pupillary responses as an alternative measure to capture these underlying cognitive changes. We recorded the dynamic changes in the pupils of three male macaques when they
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An Enduring Role for Hippocampal Pattern Completion in Addition to an Emergent Nonhippocampal Contribution to Holistic Episodic Retrieval after a 24 h Delay J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Bárður H. Joensen, Jennifer E. Ashton, Sam C. Berens, M. Gareth Gaskell, Aidan J. Horner
Episodic memory retrieval is associated with the holistic neocortical reinstatement of all event information, an effect driven by hippocampal pattern completion. However, whether holistic reinstatement occurs, and whether hippocampal pattern completion continues to drive reinstatement, after a period of consolidation is unclear. Theories of systems consolidation predict either a time-variant or time-invariant
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Cone-Opponent Ganglion Cells in the Primate Fovea Tuned to Noncardinal Color Directions J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Tyler Godat, Kendall Kohout, Keith Parkins, Qiang Yang, Juliette E. McGregor, William H. Merigan, David R. Williams, Sara S. Patterson
A long-standing question in vision science is how the three cone photoreceptor types—long (L), medium (M), and short (S) wavelength sensitive—combine to generate our perception of color. Hue perception can be described along two opponent axes: red–green and blue–yellow. Psychophysical measurements of color appearance indicate that the cone inputs to the red–green and blue–yellow opponent axes are M
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Excitatory Spinal Lhx9-Derived Interneurons Modulate Locomotor Frequency in Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Maëlle Bertho, Vanessa Caldeira, Li-Ju Hsu, Peter Löw, Lotta Borgius, Ole Kiehn
Locomotion allows us to move and interact with our surroundings. Spinal networks that control locomotion produce rhythm and left–right and flexor–extensor coordination. Several glutamatergic populations, Shox2 non-V2a, Hb9-derived interneurons, and, recently, spinocerebellar neurons have been proposed to be involved in the mouse rhythm generating networks. These cells make up only a smaller fraction
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Multimodal Interrogation of Ventral Pallidum Projections Reveals Projection-Specific Signatures and Effects on Cocaine Reward J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Nimrod Bernat, Rianne R. Campbell, Hyungwoo Nam, Mahashweta Basu, Tal Odesser, Gal Elyasaf, Michel Engeln, Ramesh Chandra, Shana Golden, Seth Ament, Mary Kay Lobo, Yonatan M. Kupchik
The ventral pallidum (VP) is a central hub in the reward circuitry with diverse projections that have different behavioral roles attributed mostly to the connectivity with the downstream target. However, different VP projections may represent, as in the striatum, separate neuronal populations that differ in more than just connectivity. In this study, we performed in mice of both sexes a multimodal
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Differential Expression Analysis Identifies Candidate Synaptogenic Molecules for Wiring Direction-Selective Circuits in the Retina J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Joshua M. Tworig, Ryan D. Morrie, Karina Bistrong, Rachana D. Somaiya, Shaw Hsu, Jocelyn Liang, Karen G. Cornejo, Marla B. Feller
An organizational feature of neural circuits is the specificity of synaptic connections. A striking example is the direction-selective (DS) circuit of the retina. There are multiple subtypes of DS retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) that prefer motion along one of four preferred directions. This computation is mediated by selective wiring of a single inhibitory interneuron, the starburst amacrine cell (SAC)
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Tmod2 Is a Regulator of Cocaine Responses through Control of Striatal and Cortical Excitability and Drug-Induced Plasticity J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Arojit Mitra, Sean P. Deats, Price E. Dickson, Jiuhe Zhu, Justin Gardin, Brian J. Nieman, R. Mark Henkelman, Nien-Pei Tsai, Elissa J. Chesler, Zhong-Wei Zhang, Vivek Kumar
Drugs of abuse induce neuroadaptations, including synaptic plasticity, that are critical for transition to addiction, and genes and pathways that regulate these neuroadaptations are potential therapeutic targets. Tropomodulin 2 (Tmod2) is an actin-regulating gene that plays an important role in synapse maturation and dendritic arborization and has been implicated in substance abuse and intellectual
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Frequency of Spontaneous Neurotransmission at Individual Boutons Corresponds to the Size of the Readily Releasable Pool of Vesicles J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Amelia J. Ralowicz, Sasipha Hokeness, Michael B. Hoppa
Synapses maintain two forms of neurotransmitter release to support communication in the brain. First, evoked neurotransmitter release is triggered by the invasion of an action potential (AP) across en passant boutons that form along axons. The probability of evoked release (Pr) varies substantially across boutons, even within a single axon. Such heterogeneity is the result of differences in the probability
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Intrinsic and Synaptic Contributions to Repetitive Spiking in Dentate Granule Cells J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Wen-Chi Shu, Meyer B. Jackson
Repetitive firing of granule cells (GCs) in the dentate gyrus (DG) facilitates synaptic transmission to the CA3 region. This facilitation can gate and amplify the flow of information through the hippocampus. High-frequency bursts in the DG are linked to behavior and plasticity, but GCs do not readily burst. Under normal conditions, a single shock to the perforant path in a hippocampal slice typically
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Fixel-Based Analysis Reveals Tau-Related White Matter Changes in Early Stages of Alzheimer's Disease J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Khazar Ahmadi, Joana B. Pereira, Danielle van Westen, Ofer Pasternak, Fan Zhang, Markus Nilsson, Erik Stomrud, Nicola Spotorno, Oskar Hansson
Several studies have shown white matter (WM) abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease (AD) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Nonetheless, robust characterization of WM changes has been challenging due to the methodological limitations of DTI. We applied fixel-based analyses (FBA) to examine microscopic differences in fiber density (FD) and macroscopic changes in fiber cross-section (FC) in early stages
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Pre-acquired Functional Connectivity Predicts Choice Inconsistency J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Asaf Madar, Vered Kurtz-David, Adam Hakim, Dino J. Levy, Ido Tavor
Economic choice theories usually assume that humans maximize utility in their choices. However, studies have shown that humans make inconsistent choices, leading to suboptimal behavior, even without context-dependent manipulations. Previous studies showed that activation in value and motor networks are associated with inconsistent choices at the moment of choice. Here, we investigated if the neural