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Effectiveness of Bariatric Metabolic Surgery versus Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for prevention of Congestive Heart Failure Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Yael Wolff Sagy, Gil Lavie, Noga Ramot, Erez Battat, Ronen Arbel, Orna Reges, Dror Dicker
Comparative evidence for the effects of bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) on cardiovascular outcomes is limited. Here, in an observational, retrospective cohort study, we compared the incidence of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) in adults living with obesity and diabetes without history of CHF (primary CHF) treated with BMS versus GLP-1RA. The
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The evolution of personalized nutrition Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Josef Neu
Data from a large randomized trial show that a personalized diet can improve cardiometabolic health, providing support for a ‘food as medicine’ concept that, although centuries old, still lacks robust evidence.
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Heat exposure induced risks of preterm birth mediated by maternal hypertension Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Liyun Wang, Jiangli Di, Qiong Wang, Huanhuan Zhang, Wei Zhao, Xiaoming Shi, Qian Di, John S. Ji, Wannian Liang, Cunrui Huang
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Senaparib as first-line maintenance therapy in advanced ovarian cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Xiaohua Wu, Jihong Liu, Jing Wang, Li Wang, Zhongqiu Lin, Xiaobin Wang, Jianqing Zhu, Beihua Kong, Junwei Fei, Ying Tang, Bairong Xia, Zhiqing Liang, Ke Wang, Yi Huang, Hong Zheng, An Lin, Kui Jiang, Wei Wang, Xin Wang, Ge Lou, Hongming Pan, Shuzhong Yao, Guiling Li, Min Hao, Yunlang Cai, Xuejun Chen, Zhijun Yang, Youguo Chen, Hongwu Wen, Pengpeng Qu, Cong Xu, Chih-Yi Hsieh
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I’m worried I’ve been contacted by a predatory publisher — how do I find out? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-15
Researchers frequently receive invitations to publish in journals that they might not have heard of. Nature asked two scientists how they would check whether a publication is legitimate.
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Forestry social science is failing the needs of the people who need it most Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-15
Rich nations’ fixation on forests as climate offsets has resulted in the needs of those who live in or make a living from these resources being ignored. A broader view and more collaboration between disciplines is required.
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Explaining novel scientific concepts to people whose technical acumen does not extend to turning it off, then turning it on again Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-15
Guided by the light.
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Neglecting sex and gender in research is a public-health risk Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Sue Haupt, Cheryl Carcel, Robyn Norton
The data are clear: taking sex and gender into account in research and using that knowledge to change health care could benefit billions of people.
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How to kill the ‘zombie’ cells that make you age Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-15
Researchers are using new molecules, engineered immune cells and gene therapy to kill senescent cells and treat age-related diseases.
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2023 summer warmth unparalleled over the past 2,000 years Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Jan Esper, Max Torbenson, Ulf Büntgen
Including an exceptionally warm Northern Hemisphere (NH) summer1,2, 2023 has been reported as the hottest year on record3-5. Contextualizing recent anthropogenic warming against past natural variability is nontrivial, however, because the sparse 19th century meteorological records tend to be too warm6. Here, we combine observed and reconstructed June-August (JJA) surface air temperatures to show that
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Africa’s lush tropical forests face a surprising threat: fire Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
Climate change and deforestation have increased the frequency of blazes in the humid forests of West and Central Africa.
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AI & robotics briefing: Why AI needs to see the ‘ugly’ side of science Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
The absence of negative results in the scientific literature is affecting AI tools trained on published data. Plus, why animals still outrun robots and AlphaFold gets major upgrade.
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Daily briefing: Amazing auroras are just a warm-up — more solar storms are coming Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
The upcoming solar maximum means more and bigger solar storms to come. Plus, how to decarbonise the workhorse of fossil fuel production: oil refineries.
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Long acting progestogens versus combined oral contraceptive pill for preventing recurrence of endometriosis related pain: the PRE-EMPT pragmatic, parallel group, open label, randomised controlled trial BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Kevin G Cooper, Siladitya Bhattacharya, Jane P Daniels, Andrew W Horne, T Justin Clark, Ertan Saridogan, Versha Cheed, Danielle Pirie, Melyda Melyda, Mark Monahan, Tracy E Roberts, Emma Cox, Clive Stubbs, Lee J Middleton
Objectives To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of long acting progestogens compared with the combined oral contraceptive pill in preventing recurrence of endometriosis related pain. Design The PRE-EMPT (preventing recurrence of endometriosis) pragmatic, parallel group, open label, randomised controlled trial. Setting 34 UK hospitals. Participants 405 women of reproductive age undergoing conservative
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Equity in medical devices: trainers and educators play a vital role BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Margaret Whitehead, Enitan Carrol, Frank Kee, Raghib Ali, Chris Holmes
Education and training of healthcare professionals is essential to improve the systemwide problem of inequity in medical devices, say Margaret Whitehead and colleagues The impact of racial bias on the performance of medical devices used in the NHS gained public and political attention during the covid pandemic, with the recognition that patients with darker skin tones may be put at increased risk of
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John Launer: Seeing the big picture—the distinctive value of generalism BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 John Launer
Patients are often the beneficiaries of medicine, but they can be its victims too. Most people in the western world are likely to know by their 60s that they have at least one chronic condition or risk factor, if not several. As they age further the number of these will almost certainly increase, along with regular check-ups, investigations, and an escalating amount of treatment. Some of the effects
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What do we know about covid-19’s effects on the brain? BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Katharine Lang
Katharine Lang investigates how SARS-CoV-2 infection can affect the brain, how it might have these effects, and what can be done to minimise the risk Covid may be primarily a respiratory infection, but a common symptom is “brain fog”—problems with memory or concentration—which can persist for weeks or months as part of long covid.1 And it’s not the only neurological effect. Giovanni Schifitto, professor
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Cardiovascular toxicity of immune therapies for cancer BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Nicolas L Palaskas, Hyeon-Ju Ali, Efstratios Koutroumpakis, Sarju Ganatra, Anita Deswal
In addition to conventional chemoradiation and targeted cancer therapy, the use of immune based therapies, specifically immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (CAR-T), has increased exponentially across a wide spectrum of cancers. This has been paralleled by recognition of off-target immune related adverse events that can affect almost any organ system including
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Trastuzumab deruxtecan in HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer: exploratory biomarker analysis of the randomized, phase 2 DESTINY-Gastric01 trial Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Kohei Shitara, Yung-Jue Bang, Satoru Iwasa, Naotoshi Sugimoto, Min-Hee Ryu, Daisuke Sakai, Hyun Cheol Chung, Hisato Kawakami, Hiroshi Yabusaki, Yasuhiro Sakamoto, Tomohiro Nishina, Koichiro Inaki, Yusuke Kuwahara, Naoya Wada, Fumitaka Suto, Takeo Arita, Masahiro Sugihara, Zenta Tsuchihashi, Kaku Saito, Akihito Kojima, Kensei Yamaguchi
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Prevalence of comorbidities in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders from the aggregated phenomics data of 51,227 pediatric individuals Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Alexander J. M. Dingemans, Sandra Jansen, Jeroen van Reeuwijk, Nicole de Leeuw, Rolph Pfundt, Janneke Schuurs-Hoeijmakers, Bregje W. van Bon, Carlo Marcelis, Charlotte W. Ockeloen, Marjolein Willemsen, Pleuntje J. van der Sluijs, Gijs W. E. Santen, R. Frank Kooy, Anneke T. Vulto-van Silfhout, Tjitske Kleefstra, David A. Koolen, Lisenka E. L. M. Vissers, Bert B. A. de Vries
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Dynamics of cognitive variability with age and its genetic underpinning in NIHR BioResource Genes and Cognition cohort participants Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Md Shafiqur Rahman, Emma Harrison, Heather Biggs, Chloe Seikus, Paul Elliott, Gerome Breen, Nathalie Kingston, John R. Bradley, Steven M. Hill, Brian D. M. Tom, Patrick F. Chinnery
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Progranulin AAV gene therapy for frontotemporal dementia: translational studies and phase 1/2 trial interim results Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Jeffrey Sevigny, Olga Uspenskaya, Laura Dean Heckman, Li Chin Wong, Daniel A. Hatch, Ambika Tewari, Rik Vandenberghe, David J. Irwin, Dario Saracino, Isabelle Le Ber, Rebekah Ahmed, Jonathan D. Rohrer, Adam L. Boxer, Sebastian Boland, Patricia Sheehan, Alissa Brandes, Suzanne R. Burstein, Benjamin M. Shykind, Sitharthan Kamalakaran, Carter W. Daniels, E. David Litwack, Erin Mahoney, Jenny Velaga, Ilan
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The efficacy of dapagliflozin in a hierarchical kidney outcome in heart failure Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-13
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Long-term weight loss effects of semaglutide in obesity without diabetes in the SELECT trial Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Donna H. Ryan, Ildiko Lingvay, John Deanfield, Steven E. Kahn, Eric Barros, Bartolome Burguera, Helen M. Colhoun, Cintia Cercato, Dror Dicker, Deborah B. Horn, G. Kees Hovingh, Ole Kleist Jeppesen, Alexander Kokkinos, A. Michael Lincoff, Sebastian M. Meyhöfer, Tugce Kalayci Oral, Jorge Plutzky, André P. van Beek, John P. H. Wilding, Robert F. Kushner
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Real-world plastic-waste success stories can help to boost global treaty Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
Letter to the Editor
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Interpersonal therapy can be an effective tool against the devastating effects of loneliness Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
Letter to the Editor
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Inequality is bad — but that doesn’t mean the rich are Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
Letter to the Editor
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Balls of lightning and flames from the sky: can science explain? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
Snippets from Nature’s past.
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Standardized metadata for biological samples could unlock the potential of collections Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
Letter to the Editor
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Why mathematics is set to be revolutionized by AI Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
Cheap data and the absence of coincidences make maths an ideal testing ground for AI-assisted discovery — but only humans will be able to tell good conjectures from bad ones.
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How does ChatGPT ‘think’? Psychology and neuroscience crack open AI large language models Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
Researchers are striving to reverse-engineer artificial intelligence and scan the ‘brains’ of LLMs to see what they are doing, how and why.
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The phenomenon of genomic imprinting was discovered 40 years ago Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Anne C. Ferguson-Smith, Marisa S. Bartolomei
Landmark 1984 experiments gave rise to a new epigenetics concept.
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How men evolved to care for babies — before society got in the way Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
An exploration of the evolution of male nurturing shows why, unlike fathers among other great apes, human dads are biologically wired to be hands-on parents.
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A DARPA-like agency could boost EU innovation — but cannot come at the expense of existing schemes Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
If Europe wants to create a high-risk, high-reward research body, it needs grass-roots backing.
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Mega study charts how genetic variants affect metabolism Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-14
The discovery of hundreds of genomic regions linked with metabolism promises to improve our understanding of metabolic diseases.
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Plasmid targeting and destruction by the DdmDE bacterial defence system Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Jack P. K. Bravo, Delisa A. Ramos, Rodrigo Fregoso Ocampo, Caiden Ingram, David W. Taylor
While eukaryotic Argonautes play a pivotal role in post-transcriptional gene regulation through nucleic acid cleavage, some short prokaryotic Argonaute variants (pAgos) rely on auxiliary nuclease factors for efficient foreign DNA degradation (1). Here, we elucidate the activation pathway of the DNA Defense Module DdmDE system, which rapidly eliminates small, multicopy plasmids from Vibrio cholerae
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Dazzling auroras are just a warm-up as more solar storms are likely, scientists say Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-13
Nature talks to physicists about what to expect in the next months and beyond as the Sun hits its 'maximum'.
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Brain-reading device is best yet at decoding ‘internal speech’ Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-13
Technology that enables researchers to interpret brain signals could one day allow people to talk using only their thoughts.
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Human embryos embrace asymmetry to form the body Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-13
The cells generated by the very first division of the fertilized egg make a lopsided contribution to the body’s organs and tissues.
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Daily briefing: Internet use seems to boost well-being Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-10
A survey of people in 168 countries finds that Internet use might boost life satisfaction and sense of purpose. Plus, what a Neanderthal’s Mona-Lisa smile tells us about ourselves and how the cauliflower got its whorls.
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Daily briefing: A millimetre of brain in spectacular detail Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-10
Google scientists have modelled a tiny fragment of the human brain at nanoscale resolution. Plus, a bold proposal to limit extreme wealth.
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Sixty Years of Hemodynamic Pharmacology in Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy N. Engl. J. Med. (IF 158.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Steve R. Ommen From the Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
In April 1964, leading cardiologists, cardiovascular surgeons, and pathologists convened in London for a 2-day symposium to discuss a relatively new disease entity that we now know as obstructive h...
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Aficamten for Symptomatic Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy N. Engl. J. Med. (IF 158.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Martin S. Maron, Ahmad Masri, Michael E. Nassif, Roberto Barriales-Villa, Michael Arad, Nuno Cardim, Lubna Choudhury, Brian Claggett, Caroline J. Coats, Hans-Dirk Düngen, Pablo Garcia-Pavia, Albert A. Hagège, James L. Januzzi, Matthew M.Y. Lee, Gregory D. Lewis, Chang-Sheng Ma, Michelle Michels, Iacopo Olivotto, Artur Oreziak, Anjali T. Owens, John A. Spertus, Scott D. Solomon, Jacob Tfelt-Hansen,
One of the major determinants of exercise intolerance and limiting symptoms among patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an elevated intracardiac pressure resulting from lef...
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To increase public satisfaction in the NHS, we need a new conversation about how to improve it BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Jessie Cunnett, Richard Smith
As satisfaction with the NHS reaches a new low, we should embrace the power of citizens and society to restore public confidence , argue these authors The recent British Social Attitudes Survey found that less than a quarter (24%) of the 3374 respondents sampled in England, Wales, and Scotland were satisfied with the NHS—the lowest in the 41 year history of the survey.1 Since 2020, there has been an
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Matt Morgan: Rekindling the NHS’s foundational flame BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Matt Morgan
One of the joys of writing this column is receiving emails from readers who work across a wide spectrum of medicine, from students to retired professors. I read one such email from a retired, fellow Cardiff alumnus in response to my last column discussing the new play Nye . After I’d watched the play at the National Theatre1—which dramatises the NHS’s origins through the eyes of Aneurin Bevan, former
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The future of NHS primary care should focus on integration not fragmentation BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 See Chai Carol Chan, Rebecca Wright, Azeem Majeed
In some parts of England, there are proposals to divide NHS primary care services. NHS England’s strategy aims to separate patients with “same-day” acute care or with “simpler” medical issues from patients with more complex, long term needs. The aim is to allow general practitioners (GPs) to primarily focus on the latter group of patients.12 While this approach appears superficially to be a rational
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Helen Salisbury: Training our replacements BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Helen Salisbury
Are there limits on what people should be allowed to do in the medical or surgical field when they’re not a doctor and not training to be one? We teach someone our skills so that they may one day exercise them independently, and almost from the moment we qualify as doctors we start training our replacements. The time available for this training is finite, so we should think carefully about how we spend
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The end of local clinical excellence awards BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Nick Murphy, Mark Exworthy, Julia Gauly, Jo Parsons, Katlyn Green
The news that consultants have accepted the government’s pay offer marks an important moment in British health policy, signalling the end of local clinical excellence awards (LCEAs) in England and Wales.1 The NHS has had a form of performance related pay for consultants since its inception. The 2003 consultant contract included the provision of locally administered awards for the delivery of “clinical
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A lack of quality statistics is hiding the real heatwave death toll BMJ (IF 105.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Disha Shetty
Heatwaves are intensifying but gaps in the data mean that the number of people who have died from rising temperatures is unclear. Disha Shetty reports on why—and why it matters Malaysia’s capital Kuala Lumpur is hot and humid throughout the year but this April temperatures rose to over 37°C compared with the usual low 30s. The tropical country’s meteorology department published a heatwave warning for
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Text Messages With Financial Incentives for Men With Obesity JAMA (IF 120.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Pat Hoddinott, Catriona O’Dolan, Lisa Macaulay, Stephan U. Dombrowski, James Swingler, Seonaidh Cotton, Alison Avenell, Abraham M. Getaneh, Cindy Gray, Kate Hunt, Frank Kee, Alice MacLean, Michelle McKinley, Claire Torrens, Katrina Turner, Marjon van der Pol, Graeme MacLennan
ImportanceEffective weight loss interventions are needed for men with obesity.ObjectiveTo determine whether an intervention that combined text messaging with financial incentives attained significant weight loss at the 12-month follow-up compared with the control group and whether an intervention of text messaging alone attained significant weight loss at the 12-month follow-up compared with the control
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An Adaptive Behavioral Intervention for Weight Loss Management JAMA (IF 120.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Bonnie Spring, Angela F. Pfammatter, Laura Scanlan, Elyse Daly, Jean Reading, Sam Battalio, H. Gene McFadden, Don Hedeker, Juned Siddique, Inbal Nahum-Shani
ImportanceLifestyle interventions for weight loss are difficult to implement in clinical practice. Self-managed mobile health implementations without or with added support after unsuccessful weight loss attempts could offer effective population-level obesity management.ObjectiveTo test whether a wireless feedback system (WFS) yields noninferior weight loss vs WFS plus telephone coaching and whether
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Tackling debt, biodiversity loss, and climate change Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-10 Elizabeth C. Losos, Alexander Pfaff, Stuart L. Pimm
At the United Nations climate conference in late 2023, multilateral development banks and environmental institutions committed to raising the number, size, types, and effectiveness of funding mechanisms that support developing countries to address the interconnected crises of debt, climate, and biodiversity. A “Task Force on Sustainability-Linked Sovereign Financing for Nature and Climate” will convene
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Refining neoadjuvant immunotherapy for resectable lung cancer Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Misty D. Shields, Christine M. Lovly
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Gut bacteria switch A and B blood types to ‘universal’ Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-13
Enzymes produced by Akkermansia muciniphila generated group O blood by degrading A and B antigens, which could help solve blood donor shortages in the future.
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Screening and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease using artificial intelligence-enabled cardiac magnetic resonance imaging Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Yan-Ran (Joyce) Wang, Kai Yang, Yi Wen, Pengcheng Wang, Yuepeng Hu, Yongfan Lai, Yufeng Wang, Kankan Zhao, Siyi Tang, Angela Zhang, Huayi Zhan, Minjie Lu, Xiuyu Chen, Shujuan Yang, Zhixiang Dong, Yining Wang, Hui Liu, Lei Zhao, Lu Huang, Yunling Li, Lianming Wu, Zixian Chen, Yi Luo, Dongbo Liu, Pengbo Zhao, Keldon Lin, Joseph C. Wu, Shihua Zhao
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Association between pretreatment emotional distress and immune checkpoint inhibitor response in non-small-cell lung cancer Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Yue Zeng, Chun-Hong Hu, Yi-Zheng Li, Jian-Song Zhou, Shu-Xing Wang, Meng-Dong Liu, Zhen-Hua Qiu, Chao Deng, Fang Ma, Chun-Fang Xia, Fei Liang, Yu-Rong Peng, Ao-Xi Liang, Sheng-Hao Shi, Shi-Jiao Yao, Jun-Qi Liu, Wen-Jie Xiao, Xiao-Qiao Lin, Xin-Yu Tian, Ying-Zhe Zhang, Zhuo-Ying Tian, Ji-An Zou, Yun-Shu Li, Chao-Yue Xiao, Tian Xu, Xiao-Jie Zhang, Xiao-Ping Wang, Xian-Ling Liu, Fang Wu
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High-resolution African HLA resource uncovers HLA-DRB1 expression effects underlying vaccine response Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Alexander J. Mentzer, Alexander T. Dilthey, Martin Pollard, Deepti Gurdasani, Emre Karakoc, Tommy Carstensen, Allan Muhwezi, Clare Cutland, Amidou Diarra, Ricardo da Silva Antunes, Sinu Paul, Gaby Smits, Susan Wareing, HwaRan Kim, Cristina Pomilla, Amanda Y. Chong, Debora Y. C. Brandt, Rasmus Nielsen, Samuel Neaves, Nicolas Timpson, Austin Crinklaw, Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn, Anna Rautanen, Dennison
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Artificial intelligence in surgery Nat. Med. (IF 82.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Chris Varghese, Ewen M. Harrison, Greg O’Grady, Eric J. Topol
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Why my heart beats for Nigeria’s endangered bats Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-13
Iroro Tanshi works to better understand a number of threatened species.
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Decent work for all: why multinationals need a helping hand Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-13
Moses Ngoze explains why the growth of micro, small and medium enterprises in Africa are key to achieving global economic growth.