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Clinical features of patients with mutations in genes for nanophthalmos Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Xueqing Li, Hui Xiao, Yihua Su, Xueshan Xiao, Shiqiang Li, Shufen Lin, Lei Fang, Wenmin Sun, Panfeng Wang, James Fielding Hejtmancik, Minbin Yu, Liming Chen, Qingjiong Zhang, Xing Liu
Background/Aims To distinguish the clinical feature of nanophthalmos (NNO) caused by mutations in protease serine 56 ( PRSS56 ), membrane-type frizzled-related protein ( MFRP ), myelin regulatory factor ( MYRF ) and transmembrane protein 98 ( TMEM98 ) and to evaluate the association between angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) and NNO. Methods Variants in those four genes were identified through exome sequencing/whole
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Long-term outcomes after acute primary angle closure: case series from Moorfields Eye Hospital, UK Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Sana Hamid, Francesco Matarazzo, Zihan Sun, Sandika Baboolal, Dhakshi Muhundhakumar, Paul J Foster
Background There is limited data regarding the morbidity and progression to primary angle closure glaucoma in those presenting with acute primary angle closure (APAC) in the UK. We aim to report on the vision and intraocular pressure (IOP) outcomes and treatment required after an APAC episode and to identify any risk factors that could predict worse outcomes. Methods A retrospective observational case
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Improved accuracy of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography for monitoring myopic macular neovascularisation activity Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-10 Danny Siu-Chun Ng, Li Jia Chen, Leo Ka Yu Chan, Fang Yao Tang, Wee-Min Teh, Linbin Zhou, Fiona Chan, Eleanor Sui Sum Lin, Ka Wai Yuen, Wai Kit Chu, Shaheeda Mohamed, Chi Wai Tsang, Xinyuan Zhang, Jason C Yam, Chi-Pui Pang, Timothy Y Y Lai
Background/aims To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) combined with OCT angiography (OCTA) for myopic myopic macular neovascularisation (MNV) activity. Methods Both eyes of patients with myopic MNV diagnosed with fluorescein angiography (FA), SD OCT and OCTA were assessed by unmasked investigators. The images were deidentified and randomised before
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METAVISION: a novel system for quantifying metamorphopsia in patients with myopic traction maculopathy Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-10 Qi Zhang, Xiujuan Zhao, Xia Huang, Qingxiu Wu, Shida Chen, Yonghao Li, Ping Lian, Lin Lu
Purpose To develop a novel system for quantifying metamorphopsia in patients with myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) and to explore the metamorphopsia pattern of MTM. Design Observational, cross-sectional study. Methods We designed a new system. Results Of the 445 eyes tested, 188 (42.25%) were deemed by patients to have metamorphopsia impacting their daily lives while 257 (57.75%) were considered to
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Randomised clinical trial of extended depth of focus lenses for controlling myopia progression: Outcomes from SEED LVPEI Indian Myopia Study Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-10 Manoj K Manoharan, Pavan K Verkicharla
Purpose To determine the efficacy of extended depth of focus (EDOF) contact lenses for controlling myopia progression in children through a 1-year randomised clinical trial. Methods A total of 104 children aged 7–15 years, with spherical equivalent refraction ≤−0.50 D, were randomly assigned to wear SEED 1 dayPure EDOF Mid contact lenses (n=48) or single vision spectacle lenses (n=56). Cycloplegic
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Best practice in myopia control: insights and innovations for myopia prevention and control – a round table discussion Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-10 Yanxian Chen, Andreas Mueller, Ian Morgan, Frank Larkin, Yan Wang, Junwen Zeng, Mingguang He
In August 2023, BJO and the Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center co-hosted a round table discussion on Best Practices in Myopia Control. This gathering provided a platform for the exchange of insights and discussion of evidence-based strategies to respond to the rapid increase in myopia prevalence. Participants from China, Hong Kong, the UK and Australia met in Guangzhou, China, to discuss the global status
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Medical education with large language models in ophthalmology: custom instructions and enhanced retrieval capabilities Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 Mertcan Sevgi, Fares Antaki, Pearse A Keane
Foundation models are the next generation of artificial intelligence that has the potential to provide novel use cases for healthcare. Large language models (LLMs), a type of foundation model, are capable of language comprehension and the ability to generate human-like text. Researchers and developers have been tuning LLMs to optimise their performance in specific tasks, such as medical challenge problems
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Enhancing the structure–function relationship in glaucoma using anatomical compensation of retinal nerve fibre layer Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 Jacqueline Chua, Chi Li, Rachel Chong, Tina T Wong, Rahat Husain, Tin Aung, Leopold Schmetterer, Damon Wing Kee Wong
Background/aims To investigate whether compensating retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness measurements for demographic and anatomical ocular factors can strengthen the structure–function relationship in patients with glaucoma. Methods 600 eyes from 412 patients with glaucoma (mean deviation of the visual field (MD VF) −6.53±5.55 dB) were included in this cross-sectional study. Participants underwent
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OCT analysis of preoperative foveal microstructure in recent-onset macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: visual acuity prognostic factors Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Maria Cristina Savastano, Matteo Mario Carlà, Federico Giannuzzi, Claudia Fossataro, Valentina Cestrone, Francesco Boselli, Ilaria Biagini, Flavia Beccia, Quatrale Raffaele, Gianni Gravina, Clara Rizzo, Alfonso Savastano, Stanislao Rizzo
Background To evaluate, in patients undergoing macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery (RRD), the correlation between preoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) morphological features and postoperative visual acuity. Methods Retrospective interventional non-randomised clinical trial on 89 eyes of 89 patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy for macula-off primary RRD at Policlinico
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Associations of quantitative contrast sensitivity with vascular metrics on widefield swept-source OCT angiography across stages of diabetic retinopathy Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Filippos Vingopoulos, Grace Baldwin, Raviv Katz, Ying Cui, Jade Y Moon, Itika Garg, Rebecca Zeng, Nimesh A Patel, David Wu, Deeba Husain, Joan W Miller, Leo A Kim, Demetrios G Vavvas, John B Miller
Purpose To investigate structure–function associations between contrast sensitivity (CS) and widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (WF SS-OCTA) vascular metrics across stages of non-proliferative (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), without diabetic macular oedema. Methods Prospective cross-sectional study in 140 eyes of 99 patients: 33 mild NPDR, 24 moderate/severe
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Creating realistic anterior segment optical coherence tomography images using generative adversarial networks Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Jad F Assaf, Anthony Abou Mrad, Dan Z Reinstein, Guillermo Amescua, Cyril Zakka, Timothy J Archer, Jeffrey Yammine, Elsa Lamah, Michèle Haykal, Shady T Awwad
Aims To develop a generative adversarial network (GAN) capable of generating realistic high-resolution anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images. Methods This study included 142 628 AS-OCT B-scans from the American University of Beirut Medical Center. The Style and WAvelet based GAN architecture was trained to generate realistic AS-OCT images and was evaluated through the Fréchet
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Predicting the cognitive impairment with multimodal ophthalmic imaging and artificial neural network for community screening Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Zi Jin, Xuhui Chen, Chunxia Jiang, Ximeng Feng, Da Zou, Yanye Lu, Jinying Li, Qiushi Ren, Chuanqing Zhou
Background/aims To investigate the comprehensive prediction ability for cognitive impairment in a general elder population using the combination of the multimodal ophthalmic imaging and artificial neural networks. Methods Patients with cognitive impairment and cognitively healthy individuals were recruited. All subjects underwent medical history, blood pressure measurement, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
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Proliferative vitreoretinopathy: a revised concept of retinal injury and response Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Alexandre Assi, David Charteris
Previous concepts for the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) have focused on the central role of retinal pigment epithelium cells only, potentially contributing to the lack of clinical advances. More recent studies have demonstrated the essential role of retinal glial cells in the PVR healing response but failed to identify a consistent triggering mechanism. We propose a revised
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Age–period–cohort analysis of the global burden of visual impairment according to major causes: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Jianqi Chen, Yingting Zhu, Zhidong Li, Xiaohua Zhuo, Shaochong Zhang, Yehong Zhuo
Background Cataract, glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are major causes of visual impairment. As these are age-related conditions, the prevalence of associated visual impairment is anticipated to increase as the population ages. However, age–period–cohort effects on the disease burden have not been investigated. Methods This was a population-based study using aggregated data from
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Survival of medical treatment success in primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Dun Jack Fu, Ebenezer Ademisoye, Vanessa Shih, Andrew Ian McNaught, Anthony Khawaja
Background/aims Topical agents to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) are the most common initial therapeutic measure in glaucoma prevention. This study aims to assess treatment success duration among patients initiating or intensifying topical glaucoma medication. Methods Medical records (2013‒2018) for adults initiating/intensifying topical glaucoma medication were extracted from five secondary-care
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Prediction of retinopathy progression using deep learning on retinal images within the Scottish screening programme Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Joseph Mellor, Wenhua Jiang, Alan Fleming, Stuart J McGurnaghan, Luke A K Blackbourn, Caroline Styles, Amos Storkey, Paul M McKeigue, Helen M Colhoun
Background/aims National guidelines of many countries set screening intervals for diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on grading of the last screening retinal images. We explore the potential of deep learning (DL) on images to predict progression to referable DR beyond DR grading, and the potential impact on assigned screening intervals, within the Scottish screening programme. Methods We consider 21 346
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Effectiveness of repeated low-level red light in myopia prevention and myopia control Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Guihua Liu, Hua Rong, Yipu Liu, Biying Wang, Bei Du, Desheng Song, Ruihua Wei
Background/aims To compare the effects of repeated low-level red light (RLRL) treatment on axial length growth and refractive error changes in myopic and premyopic children. Methods Subjects were assigned randomly to four subgroups: myopia-RLRL group (M-RL), myopia-control group (M-C), premyopia-RLRL group (PM-RL) and premyopia-control group (PM-C). Subjects in the RLRL group completed a 12-month treatment
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Social history and glaucoma progression: the effect of body mass index, tobacco and alcohol consumption on the rates of structural change in patients with glaucoma Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Asmaa A Youssif, Ndidi-Amaka Onyekaba, Rizul Naithani, Khaled Abdelazeem, Ahmed M Fathalla, Mohamed S Abdel‐Rhaman, Alessandro A Jammal, Felipe A Medeiros
Background/aims Although obesity, tobacco and alcohol consumption were linked to the progression of numerous chronic diseases, an association of these social history aspects with glaucoma progression is not yet determined. This study aims to investigate the effect of body mass index (BMI) and history of tobacco and alcohol use on the rates of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) change over time in glaucoma
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Relapse in ocular tuberculosis: relapse rate, risk factors and clinical management in a non-endemic country Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Ikhwanuliman Putera, Josianne C. E. M. ten Berge, Alberta A. H. J. Thiadens, Willem A. Dik, Rupesh Agrawal, P. Martin van Hagen, Rina La Distia Nora, Saskia M. Rombach
Aims To assess the risk of uveitis relapse in ocular tuberculosis (OTB) following clinical inactivity, to analyse clinical factors associated with relapses and to describe the management strategies for relapses. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on a 10-year patient registry of patients with OTB diagnosed at Erasmus MC in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Time-to-relapse of uveitis was evaluated
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Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-up Study (NYC-SIGHT): a nested cross-sectional assessment of falls risk within a cluster randomised trial Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Lisa A Hark, Yujia Wang, Prakash Gorroochurn, Phyllis R Simon, Stefania C Maruri, Desiree R Henriquez, Daniel F Diamond, Jason D Horowitz, Lisa Park, Qing Wang, James D Auran, Jailine Carrion, David S Friedman, Jeffrey L Liebmann, George A Cioffi, Noga Harizman
Background To investigate the feasibility of using the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths and Injuries (STEADI) Falls Risk Tool Kit during community-based eye health screenings to assess falls risk of participants enrolled in the Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-Up Study (NYC-SIGHT). Methods Cross-sectional analysis of data from a 5-year prospective, cluster-randomised clinical trial conducted
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Predictive model for iris melanoma Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Arun Singh, Alexander Melendez-Moreno, Jørgen Krohn, Emily C Zabor
To develop a predictive model for the diagnosis of iris melanoma. Methods Retrospective consecutive case series that included 100 cases of pathologically confirmed iris melanoma and 112 cases of Iris naevus, either pathological confirmation or documented stability of >1 year. Patient demographic data, features of clinical presentation, tumour characteristics and follow-up were collected. Iris melanoma
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Influencing factors of effective lens position in patients with Marfan syndrome and ectopia lentis Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Xin Shen, Zexu Chen, WanNan Jia, Yalei Wang, Tianhui Chen, Yang Sun, Yongxiang Jiang
Aims The aim of this study was to analyse the effective lens position (ELP) in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) and ectopia lentis (EL). Methods Patients with MFS undergoing lens removal and primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation were enrolled in the study. The back-calculated ELP was obtained with the vergence formula and compared with the theoretical ELPs. The back-calculated ELP and ELP
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Role of lens in early refractive development: evidence from a large cohort of Chinese children Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Xiaotong Han, Ruilin Xiong, Ling Jin, Shuai Chang, Qianyun Chen, Decai Wang, Xiang Chen, Yabin Qu, Weijia Liu, Mingguang He, Ian Morgan, Yangfa Zeng, Yizhi Liu
Aims To document longitudinal changes in spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and related biometric factors during early refractive development. Methods This was a prospective cohort study of Chinese children, starting in 2018 with annual follow-ups. At each visit, children received cycloplegic autorefraction and ocular biometry measurements. Lens power (LP) was calculated using Bennett’s formula
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Increased incidence of adult gonococcal keratoconjunctivitis at two tertiary eye hospitals in Western Europe: clinical features, complications and antimicrobial susceptibility Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Alice L Milligan, Anna C Randag, Sybren Lekkerkerk, Helen Fifer
Background Gonorrhoea is on the rise: between 2021 and 2022, a 50% and a 33% increase in diagnoses was seen, respectively, in England and the Netherlands. A concurrent rise in gonococcal keratoconjunctivitis (GKC) is a serious concern due to the potentially devastating visual complications. Methods This is a retrospective case series of adult GKC from two Western European tertiary ophthalmology centres
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Diagnostic criteria of anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography to detect gonioscopic angle closure Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Philip Yawen Guo, Xiulan Zhang, Fei Li, Chen Lin, Anwell Nguyen, Rei Sakata, Risa Higashita, Keiichiro Okamoto, Marco Yu, Makoto Aihara, Tin Aung, Shan Lin, Christopher Kai-Shun Leung
Aims To compare the diagnostic performance of 360° anterior segment optical coherence tomography assessment by applying normative percentile cut-offs versus iris trabecular contact (ITC) for detecting gonioscopic angle closure. Methods In this multicentre study, 394 healthy individuals were included in the normative dataset to derive the age-specific and angle location-specific normative percentiles
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Incidence and analysis of intraoperative complications in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery: a large-scale cohort study to establish the learning curve Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Xiaobo Zhang, Wen Xu, Xingchao Shentu, Peiqing Chen, Yibo Yu, Kairan Lai, Jiayong Li, Wei Wang, Xinyi Chen, Ke Yao
Aims To assess the safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) based on surgical parameters and intraoperative complications analysis and to determine the length of the learning curve for FLACS. Methods A prospective consecutive cohort study was conducted on Chinese patients who underwent either FLACS (3289 cases) or contemporaneous conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery
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Femtosecond laser-assisted astigmatic keratotomy versus toric IOL implantation for correcting astigmatism in cataract patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Wei-Ting Yen, Tzu-Heng Weng, Ting-Yi Lin, Ming-Cheng Tai, Yi-Hao Chen, Yu-Min Chang
Aims To compare the refractive and visual outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted astigmatic keratotomy (FSAK) and toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for correcting astigmatism in cataract patients. Methods Studies were retrieved from the Ovid-Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus which compared FSAK and toric IOL for astigmatism correction in cataract patients
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Structural and functional changes of binocular corneal innervation and ocular surface function after unilateral SMILE and tPRK Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Qianwen Gong, Kaiyan Huang, Kexin Li, Yixuan Tong, Jian Zhao, Hui Wang, Zhiqiang Xu, Meng Lin, Fan Lu, Liang Hu
Aims To evaluate the bilateral changes in the sub-basal nerve plexus of the cornea and ocular surface function after unilateral small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (tPRK) procedures. Methods 34 patients were enrolled in the study and underwent unilateral SMILE (21 of 34 patients) or unilateral tPRK (13 of 34 patients). Complete ophthalmic examinations
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A practical approach to uveitis screening in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Ivan Foeldvari, Marcela Bohn, Harry Petrushkin, S Angeles Han, Regitze Bangsgaard, Joan Calzada-Hernández, Tamas Constantin, Joke H de Boer, Jesus Díaz-Cascajosa, Clive Edelsten, Mia Glerup, Helene Ingels, Sebastian Kramer, Elisabetta Miserocchi, Ellen Nordal, Rotraud K Saurenmann, Gabriele Simonini, Ameenat Lola Solebo, Jan Titz, Jordi Anton
Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated uveitis typically presents as a silent chronic anterior uveitis and can lead to blindness. Adherence to current screening guidelines is hampered by complex protocols which rely on the knowledge of specific JIA characteristics. The Multinational Interdisciplinary Working Group for Uveitis in Childhood identified the need to simplify screening
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ICGA-GPT: report generation and question answering for indocyanine green angiography images Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Xiaolan Chen, Weiyi Zhang, Ziwei Zhao, Pusheng Xu, Yingfeng Zheng, Danli Shi, Mingguang He
Background Indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) is vital for diagnosing chorioretinal diseases, but its interpretation and patient communication require extensive expertise and time-consuming efforts. We aim to develop a bilingual ICGA report generation and question-answering (QA) system. Methods Our dataset comprised 213 129 ICGA images from 2919 participants. The system comprised two stages: image–text
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Choriocapillaris flow features in children with myopic anisometropia Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Zhihao Jiang, Wu Bo, Zhengfei Yang, Xiaoling Luo, Yao Ni, Junwen Zeng
Aims To examine differences between the eyes in choriocapillaris perfusion and choroidal thickness in children with myopic anisometropia. Methods In this observational and prospective study, 46 children with myopic anisometropia were enrolled. Choriocapillaris perfusion parameters, including the percentage of flow voids, the total number of flow voids and the average flow void area were obtained by
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Real-world application of a smartphone-based visual acuity test (WHOeyes) with automatic distance calibration Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Yi Wu, Stuart Keel, Vera Lúcia Alves Carneiro, Shiran Zhang, Wei Wang, Chi Liu, Xuanzhang Tang, Xiaotong Han, Mingguang He
Background To develop and assess the usability of a smartphone-based visual acuity (VA) test with an automatic distance calibration (ADC) function, the iOS version of WHOeyes. Methods The WHOeyes was an upgraded version with a distinct feature of ADC of an existing validated VA testing app called V@home. Three groups of Chinese participants with different ages (≤20, 20–40, >40 years) were recruited
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Visual acuity and visual field as a function of disease duration in patients with birdshot chorioretinitis Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Jordan Loeliger, Dominique Monnet, Jennifer Thorne, Linda Imikerene, Souhila Kecili, Antoine P Brézin
Background Birdshot chorioretinitis (BSCR) is a chronic bilateral posterior uveitis, which can affect central as well as peripheral vision. The aim of this study was to assess how visual acuity and visual field evolved over time in patients with BSCR. Methods This was a prospective, observational, single-centre study based on data from the CO-BIRD cohort. Patient visits were categorised based on the
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Prevalence of strabismus and risk factors in adults born preterm with and without retinopathy of prematurity: results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Eye study Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Achim Fieß, Kim Dautzenberg, Sandra Gißler, Eva Mildenberger, Michael S Urschitz, Heike M Elflein, Panagiotis Laspas, Bernhard M Stoffelns, Norbert Pfeiffer, Alexander K Schuster
Aim The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of strabismus and nystagmus and to analyse associated factors in preterm and full-term infants in adulthood. Methods The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study is a retrospective cohort study with a prospective ophthalmological examination of participants born preterm and full-term (aged 18–52 years). Perinatal data were carefully assessed for risk
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Evaluation and model to achieve sex parity in cataract surgical coverage in Theni district, India Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Sachin Gupta, Ravilla D Ravindran, Ashok Vardhan, Thulasiraj D Ravilla
Background/aims To propose an approach to determine the target ratio of cataract surgical rates (CSRs) of female to male subpopulations to increase sex parity in cataract surgical coverage (CSC), based on the sex gap in cataract burden and incidence, and demonstrate its application to Theni district, India. Methods A population-based longitudinal study between January 2016 and April 2018. We recruited
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One-year efficacy of myopia control by the defocus distributed multipoint lens: a multicentric randomised controlled trial Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Xiaoqin Chen, Mengdi Li, Jun Li, Min Wu, Xiaonan Liu, Cui Yu, Xingyi Guo, Yanbo Wang, Yansong Wang, Wenli Lu, Lihua Li, Yan Wang
Aims To report the 1-year results of the efficacy of a defocus distributed multipoint (DDM) lens in controlling myopia progression in a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Methods Overall, 168 children aged 6–13 years were recruited and randomly assigned to wear a DDM lens (n=84) or single-vision (SV) lens (n=84) in three centres. Cycloplegic autorefraction (spherical equivalent refraction (SER))
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At a glance Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Frank Larkin
Optical coherence tomography can be used to image corneal ectasia which occurs late following penetrating keratoplasty. Corneas with late post-keratoplasty ectasia have a deeper anterior chamber, steeper graft-host interface angle, and lower thickness at the interface A deep learning algorithm was developed to predict nuclear age, which provides insight into the premature ageing of the lens nucleus
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Pan-Indian multicentre retrospective study of 0.01% atropine for myopia control Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Jason C Yam, Yuzhou Zhang
The recent publication by Rohit et al evaluated the efficacy of 0.01% atropine in controlling myopia progression among Indian children over a 2-year period.1 A total of 732 myopic children aged 6–14 years from 20 centres were included, and all received 0.01% atropine eye-drops once daily. The authors found that, during the first year, there was a relative reduction of 64% in myopia progression, and
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Stargardt macular dystrophy and therapeutic approaches Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Kaoru Fujinami, Nadia Waheed, Yannik Laich, Paul Yang, Yu Fujinami-Yokokawa, Joseph J Higgins, Jonathan T Lu, Darin Curtiss, Cathryn Clary, Michel Michaelides
Stargardt macular dystrophy (Stargardt disease; STGD1; OMIM 248200) is the most prevalent inherited macular dystrophy. STGD1 is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by multiple pathogenic sequence variants in the large ABCA4 gene (OMIM 601691). Major advances in understanding both the clinical and molecular features, as well as the underlying pathophysiology, have culminated in many completed, ongoing
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Characterisation of ectasia after penetrating keratoplasty in keratoconus eyes using anterior segment optical coherence tomography Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Julia M Weller, Lisa Hübner, Friedrich E Kruse, Theofilos Tourtas
Background/aims Ectasia of the cornea can occur decades after penetrating keratoplasty (PK), especially in keratoconus eyes. The purpose of this study was to characterise ectasia after PK by morphological findings in anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Methods In this retrospective, single-centre case series, 50 eyes of 32 patients with a history of PK at an average of 25±10 years
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Crystalline lens nuclear age prediction as a new biomarker of nucleus degeneration Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Mengjie Guo, Risa Higashita, Chen Lin, Lingxi Hu, Wan Chen, Fei Li, Gilda Wing Ki Lai, Anwell Nguyen, Rei Sakata, Keiichiro Okamoto, Bo Tang, Yanwu Xu, Huazhu Fu, Fei Gao, Makoto Aihara, Xiulan Zhang, Jin Yuan, Shan Lin, Christopher Kai-Shun Leung, Jiang Liu
Background The crystalline lens is a transparent structure of the eye to focus light on the retina. It becomes muddy, hard and dense with increasing age, which makes the crystalline lens gradually lose its function. We aim to develop a nuclear age predictor to reflect the degeneration of the crystalline lens nucleus. Methods First we trained and internally validated the nuclear age predictor with a
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Adduction induces large optic nerve head deformations in subjects with normal-tension glaucoma Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Thanadet Chuangsuwanich, Tin A Tun, Fabian A Braeu, Xiaofei Wang, Zhi Yun Chin, Satish K Panda, Martin Buist, Dan Milea, Nicholas Strouthidis, Shamira Perera, Monisha Esther Nongpiur, Tin Aung, Michael J A Girard
Purpose To assess intraocular pressure (IOP)-induced and gaze-induced optic nerve head (ONH) strains in subjects with high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). Design Clinic-based cross-sectional study. Methods The ONH from one eye of 228 subjects (114 subjects with HTG (pre-treatment IOP≥21 mm Hg) and 114 with NTG (pre-treatment IOP<21 mm Hg)) was imaged with optical coherence
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Fundus topographical distribution patterns of ocular toxoplasmosis Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Murat Hasanreisoglu, Muhammad Sohail Halim, Pinar Cakar Ozdal, Maria Soledad Ormaechea, Cem Kesim, Huseyin Baran Ozdemir, Gunay Uludag, Nripun Sredar, Mahmut Cankurtaran, Xiaoxuan Liu, Alastair Keith Denniston, Marcelo N. Rudzinski, Daniel N. Colombero, Bernardo Ariel Schlaen, Pearse Andrew Keane, Carlos Pavesio, Quan Dong Nguyen
Background To establish topographic maps and determine fundus distribution patterns of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) lesions. Methods In this retrospective study, patients who presented with OT to ophthalmology clinics from four countries (Argentina, Turkey, UK, USA) were included. Size, shape and location of primary (1°)/recurrent (2°) and active/inactive lesions were converted into a two-dimensional
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Deep-learning automated quantification of longitudinal OCT scans demonstrates reduced RPE loss rate, preservation of intact macular area and predictive value of isolated photoreceptor degeneration in geographic atrophy patients receiving C3 inhibition treatment Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Dun Jack Fu, Sophie Glinton, Veronika Lipkova, Livia Faes, Bart Liefers, Gongyu Zhang, Nikolas Pontikos, Alex McKeown, Lukas Scheibler, Praveen J Patel, Pearse A Keane, Konstantinos Balaskas
Objective To evaluate the role of automated optical coherence tomography (OCT) segmentation, using a validated deep-learning model, for assessing the effect of C3 inhibition on the area of geographic atrophy (GA); the constituent features of GA on OCT (photoreceptor degeneration (PRD), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) loss and hypertransmission); and the area of unaffected healthy macula. To identify
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Distribution and determinants of choroidal vascularity index in healthy eyes from deep-learning choroidal analysis: a population-based SS-OCT study Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Meng Xuan, Cong Li, Xiangbin Kong, Jian Zhang, Wei Wang, Mingguang He
Aims To quantify the profiles of choroidal vascularity index (CVI) using fully artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm applied to swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) images and evaluate the determinants of CVI in a population-based study. Methods This cross-sectional study included adults aged ≥35 years residing in the Yuexiu District of Guangzhou, China, a follow-up population-based
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Outcomes following repair of early-onset versus delayed-onset rhegmatogenous retinal detachments after acute posterior vitreous detachment Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Vishal Balasubramanian Swaminathan, Mirataollah Salabati, Rachel Israilevich, Eli Cehelyk, Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh, Joshua H Uhr, Marc J Spirn, Michael A Klufas, Sunir J Garg, Jason Hsu
Aim To report anatomical and functional outcomes after surgical repair of acute-onset vs delayed-onset rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RDs) following acute posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). Methods A retrospective, comparative interventional cohort study where patients presenting to a single-centre retina practice between October 2015 and March 2020 with delayed RDs (diagnosed ≥42 days after
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Deep phenotyping of PROM1-associated retinal degeneration Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Gernot Schließleder, Angelos Kalitzeos, Melissa Kasilian, Navjit Singh, Ziyuan Wang, Zhihong Hu, Manuel Großpötzl, SriniVas Sadda, Andreas Wedrich, Michel Michaelides, Rupert W Strauss
Background/aims The purpose of this study was to investigate retinal structure in detail of subjects with autosomal-dominant (AD) and autosomal-recessive (AR) PROM1 -associated retinal degeneration ( PROM1 -RD), study design: institutional, cross-sectional study. Methods Four eyes from four subjects (three with AD and one with AR) PROM1 -RD were investigated by ophthalmic examination including best-corrected
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Intraocular medulloepithelioma clinical features and management of 11 cases Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Xiuqian Yi, Fengxi Meng, Yingwen Bi, Lin He, Jiang Qian, Kang Xue
Aims To describe the clinical features, imaging characteristics, histopathology, treatment and outcomes of intraocular medulloepithelioma. Methods Medical records of 11 patients with clinically or histopathologically confirmed medulloepithelioma were retrieved and reviewed. Clinical features, diagnostic challenges, imaging characteristics, management, histopathology and prognosis were assessed. Results
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Risk factors for cataract in retinoblastoma management Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Shichong Jia, Xuyang Wen, Jie Yu, Min Zhou, Ludi Yang, Yiyi Feng, Xiaoyu He, Renbing Jia, Jiayan Fan, Xianqun Fan
Aims To investigate the risk factors for cataract following eye-preserving therapies for retinoblastoma. Methods This retrospective, single-centre cohort study included patients diagnosed with retinoblastoma receiving eye-preserving therapies between January 2017 and June 2021. Cataract by the end of the follow-up was the main outcome. Results Cataract was found in 31 of 184 (16.8%) included eyes during
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Obesity paradox in uveal melanoma: high body mass index is associated with low metastatic risk Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Shiva Sabazade, Adrianna Opalko, Christina Herrspiegel, Viktor Torgny Gill, Flavia Plastino, Helder André, Gustav Stålhammar
Background Metabolic factors and obesity may influence the development and progression of cancer. In this study, we examine their association with the risk of developing metastases of uveal melanoma. Methods Data on metabolic factors, medications, serum leptin levels, tumour leptin receptor RNA expression and clinical outcomes were examined in three cohorts. HRs for metastasis and cumulative incidences
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Low-dose atropine 0.01% for the treatment of childhood myopia: a pan-India multicentric retrospective study Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Rohit Saxena, Vinay Gupta, Rebika Dhiman, Elizabeth Joseph, Sumita Agarkar, R Neena, Damaris Magdalene, Jitendra Jethani, Sandra C Ganesh, Minal Patil, Pooja Gogri, Shailesh Gadaginamath, Pradhnya Sen, Jaspreet Sukhija, Deepak Mishra, Jyoti H Matalia, Anupam Sahu, Smita Kapoor, Shruti Nishanth, Shweta Chaurasia, Neelam Pawar, Nilutparna Deori, Viswanathan Sivaraman, Anamika Bordoloi, Shailja Tibrewal
Objective The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of low-dose atropine 0.01% in controlling myopia progression among Indian children over a 2-year period. Methods This retrospective study, conducted across 20 centres in India, monitored the progression of myopia over 2 years after initiating treatment with 0.01% atropine eye drops. This included children between 6 and 14 years with baseline
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Prevalence and associated factors of myopia in children and adolescents in Russia: the Ural Children Eye Study Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Mukharram M. Bikbov, Gyulli M. Kazakbaeva, Albina A Fakhretdinova, Azaliia M Tuliakova, Ellina M Iakupova, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Leisan I Gilemzianova, Liana A Garipova, Dinar A Khakimov, Liaisan I Islamova, Jost B Jonas
Background To assess the prevalence of myopia and the distribution of ocular axial length as surrogate for myopic refractive error in school children in a population in Russia. Methods The Ural Children Eye Study, a school-based case–control study, was conducted in Ufa/Bashkortostan/Russia from 2019 to 2022 and included 4933 children (age: 9.7±2.6 years; range: 6.2–18.8 years). The parents underwent
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Association of retinal optical coherence tomography metrics and polygenic risk scores with cognitive function and future cognitive decline Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Sayuri Sekimitsu, Yusrah Shweikh, Sarah Shareef, Yan Zhao, Tobias Elze, Ayellet Segrè, Janey Wiggs, Nazlee Zebardast
Purpose To evaluate the potential of retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements and polygenic risk scores (PRS) to identify people at risk of cognitive impairment. Methods Using OCT images from 50 342 UK Biobank participants, we examined associations between retinal layer thickness and genetic risk for neurodegenerative disease and combined these metrics with PRS to predict baseline cognitive
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Papillary vitreous detachment as a possible accomplice in non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Dong Li, Shuo Sun, Jingli Liang, Yi Yue, Jihong Yang, Yuntao Zhi, Xiaomin Zhang, Rongguo Yu, Xiaorong Li
Aim To evaluate the role of papillary vitreous detachment in the pathogenesis of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) by comparing the features of vitreopapillary interface between NAION patients and normal individuals. Methods This study included 22 acute NAION patients (25 eyes), 21 non-acute NAION patients (23 eyes) and 23 normal individuals (34 eyes). All study participants
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Lower eyelid lengthening in facial nerve palsy: when is a periosteal flap required? Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Aaron Jamison, Bhupendra C Patel, Samantha Hunt, Raman Malhotra
Background/aims To present a case series of patients with facial nerve palsy (FNP) undergoing lower eyelid surgery where inadequate horizontal tarsal length was encountered and managed with a periosteal flap. Methods A two-centre retrospective, non-comparative case series of all patients with FNP who underwent lower eyelid periosteal flap procedures. Theatre records identified all such procedures performed
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Lacrimal gland activity in lacrimal drainage obstruction: exploring the potential cross-talk between the tear secretion and outflow Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Swati Singh, Saumya Srivastav, Nandini Bothra, Friedrich Paulsen, Mohammad Javed Ali
Purpose To investigate the effects of lacrimal drainage obstructions on the lacrimal gland activity and if there exists a potential link between the two. Methods Direct assessment of the lacrimal gland activity from the palpebral lobe was performed in consecutive patients diagnosed with unilateral primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO), along with Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)
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Determinants of non-attendance at face-to-face and telemedicine ophthalmic consultations Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Siegfried K Wagner, Laxmi Raja, Mario Cortina-Borja, Josef Huemer, Robbert Struyven, Pearse A Keane, Konstantinos Balaskas, Dawn A Sim, Peter B M Thomas, Jugnoo S Rahi, Ameenat Lola Solebo, Swan Kang
Background/aims Evaluation of telemedicine care models has highlighted its potential for exacerbating healthcare inequalities. This study seeks to identify and characterise factors associated with non-attendance across face-to-face and telemedicine outpatient appointments. Methods A retrospective cohort study at a tertiary-level ophthalmic institution in the UK, between 1 January 2019 and 31 October
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Acute spontaneous vortex vein occlusion: clinical features, multimodal imaging and natural course Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Kang Xue, Fengxi Meng, Hui Ren, Han Yue, Lin Jonathan He, Ruiqi Ma, Xintong Lin, Jiang Qian, Jie Guo
Aims To describe the clinical features, multimodal imaging, treatments and natural course of acute spontaneous vortex vein occlusion. Methods Clinical data were collected on nine patients with acute vortex vein occlusion. The symptoms and signs, multimodal imaging, treatments and follow-up results were summarised. Results Six patients (66.7%) were men and three (33.3%) were women. The mean age was
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Long-term outcomes of glued (sutureless) amniotic membrane transplantation in acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis: a comparative study Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Ramy Rashad, James T Kwan, Swapna S Shanbhag, Panotsom Ngowyutagon, Musa Saeed, Mohammad A Tahboub, Abid Haseeb, James Chodosh, Hajirah N Saeed
Purpose To compare the effectiveness and efficiency of a glued (sutureless) technique for amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) with a traditional sutured one in the setting of acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN). Methods This retrospective cohort study evaluated all patients diagnosed with SJS/TEN between 2008 and 2020 within our hospital network who received AMT
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Using artificial intelligence to improve human performance: efficient retinal disease detection training with synthetic images Br. J. Ophthalmol. (IF 4.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Hitoshi Tabuchi, Justin Engelmann, Fumiatsu Maeda, Ryo Nishikawa, Toshihiko Nagasawa, Tomofusa Yamauchi, Mao Tanabe, Masahiro Akada, Keita Kihara, Yasuyuki Nakae, Yoshiaki Kiuchi, Miguel O Bernabeu
Background Artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging diagnostics has huge potential, but human judgement is still indispensable. We propose an AI-aided teaching method that leverages generative AI to train students on many images while preserving patient privacy. Methods A web-based course was designed using 600 synthetic ultra-widefield (UWF) retinal images to teach students to detect disease